LD 






ACTS FOR FRESHMEN 

CONCERNING 

The University of Illinois 




Facts For Freshmen 



CONCERNING 



The University of Illinois 



INTENDED FOR YOUNG MEN 
ABOUT TO ENTER COLLEGE 



BY 



THOMAS ARKLE CLARK Dean of Men 



PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 

1920 






r LIBRARY OF CONO'^r* 

OCT 181322 

DOCUMeNTSDlV.St). 1 



Foreword 



This little book is intended primarily for young men 
who are entering or who have entered the University of 
Illinois. It is hoped that it will make them better 
acquainted with the history, the customs, and the life 
ot the institution, and that it will give them help and 
information for which they might often hesitate to ask. 



INDEX 

Getting Started 7 

Choosing a Course 11 

The Problem of Living 20 

The Freshman in College 28 

Class Attendance 41 

College Activities 44 

Class Organization 59 

Historical Sketch 62 

The Organization of the University 72 

The Campus and University Buildings 74 

Miscellaneous Information 75 

Calendar 80 



Getting Started 

Presuming that you have decided to enter the 
University of Illinois, that you are a graduate of an 
accredited high school, and do not need to take entrance 
examinations, that you have chosen your course, and 
that you have a permit from the Registrar to enter the 
college you have selected, there are still a few directions 
which it might be well at the outset to give attention to. 

You can come into Champaign or Urbana by the 
Illinois Central, the Big Four, or the Wabash railroads, 
or by the Illinois Traction System. Whichever way you 
may come, a local electric car will land you at the 
University grounds within a few minutes. You will be 
met at or on the train in the fall by all sorts of commis- 
saries or representatives, each of whom will offer to 
conduct you about, and will at the same time solicit your 
patronage of his boarding club or lodging house, or other 
particular pet scheme. Go slowly; look around a little. 

As to the choice of a lodging place, 

1. Be sure that your room is clean, sanitary, well 
heated, and well lighted. 

2. Do not take a room without making a definite 
contract, and it will be better if this is in writing. 

3. Do not make a contract for more than one semes- 
ter, and it is better for you, though not for your 
landlady, that your agreement be such that you 
can give up the room at the end of any month if it 
does not prove satisfactory. 

4. Be sure that the mattress is satisfactory, that the 
bedding is clean, and that the linen will be 
changed at least once a week. 

5. The fewer lodgers there are in the house the better. 



8 U>^IVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS 

6. Have a definite understanding as to whether or 
not you are to pay for vacations. 

7. Do not have more than two men in a room. 

As to getting registered. 

1. If you have obtained a permit to register before 
coming to the University, go first to the oflace of 
the Dean of your college. 

2. If you have not obtained a permit, go first to the 
oflace of the Registrar. 

3. At the oflace of the Dean of your college you will 
be given help and specific directions for register- 
ing. Follow these carefully, and ask questions if 
you are in doubt. 

4. Fill out carefully the coupon blank given you and 
be sure that on the part you retain for your own 
reference you have the instructors' names and the 
num'bers of the recitation rooms. 

5. After having turned in your study list you can not 
change a subject or drop a course without the 
approval of the Assistant Dean of your college. 

6. Class attendance is supposed to begin at once and 
to be regular. 

7. Students are not expected to cut class at all. 

8. You will be measured for your military suit and 
be given a physical examination at some time 
during the week of registration. 

As to the management o/ your money. 

1. Open a bank account at once, even if you have 
little money; it will establish your credit and 
teach you business methods. 

2. Set out to live within your income; don't borrow 
or go into debt. 

3. Never draw a check without money in the bank, 
and always draw from the same check book, using 
numbered checks. 

4. Don't join everything. The Athletic Association 
and the Y. M. C. A. are good. Join the Hospital 
Association whether you can afford it or not. 



FACTS FOB FRESHMEN 

4. Don't buy everything that is offered for sale, or 
subscribe for everything that is published. 

5. Take the Illini and other college publications if 
you can afford them, for they keep you in touch 
with college life. 

6. Don't pledge yourself to a fraternity until you 
have had a little time to look around and to study 
the fellows who may ask you; you can always have 
time if you insist upon it. 

As to general suggestions. 

1. If you wish to drop a subject after registration do 
it regularly through the oflace of the Dean of your 
college. If you "cut" out of it you are very 
likely to get into serious trouble. 

2. If you want information or advice of any sort cail 
at the office of the Dean of Men. 

3. Don't select a physician except upon the advice of 
some reliable University officer. 

4. Begin to study as soon as your lessons are 
assigned, and try to put in four hours a day. 

As to getting a job. 

1. Don't try to work your way unless you must, and 
don't do it then unless you have more than average 
ability, concentration, and physical strength. 

2. You should be on hand a week before the University 
opens if you want to be sure of a job. 

3. Go first for suggestions to the Y. M. C. A. or to 
the office of the Dean of Men, and then strike out 
for yourself. You can get a job if you keep at it. 

4. Washing dishes, waiting table, and tending fur- 
naces, are the jobs most easily obtainable by fresh- 
men. 

5. You must see to it that your study schedule and 
your outside work do not conflict. 

6. If such a conflict arises see the Assistant Dean of 
your college or the Dean of Men. 



10 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

7. If you have to work for more than your board; 
you should seldom carry a full schedule of studies 

8. If you get a job, no matter how menial or insig- 
nificant it may be, do it as well as possible. You 
may want another some day. 



Choosing a Course 

When a young man announces to his friends that he 
is going to college, the first question he is likely to be 
asked is "What are you going to study for?" And when 
he goes home at Christmas time the first query with which 
he will be confronted is "What are you studying for?" 
Education, at least in the minds of the majority of people 
is for an object; looks forward to a definite future. 

There are a number of high school graauates, no 
doubt, who should not go to college; those who do not care 

for books or study, those who have no 
Some Not intellectual outlook or ambitions, those 

Fitted for who have heavy home obligations, those 

College who are shiftless or lazy, or those whose 

ambitions are chiefly to make money 
quickly, those who have little money and less talent, and 
the morally and physically weak — all these, or the most of 
them, at least, would often be better off if they went 
immediately to work rather than to waste their own time, 
and the time of every one with whom they associate, in 
trying to carry a college course. Some must still toil 
with their hands, and reach success or failure without the 
training of books and why not these? 

As matters are now, there are certain professions into 
which one is not likely successfully to enter without a 
college education. It is true that in the 
Some- Profes- past men have often made a success in 
sions Require the ministry, in teaching, in law, in 
College Training medicine, in scientific investigations, and 
in engineering, without the exact and 
rigid training which college offers, and it is also true that 
men sometimes will still reach distinction in these lines of 
work without such training, but the number is growing 
gradually smaller. If one is to distinguish himself in any 
one of these lines he will do so most readily by giving 
himself the most thorough college training possible. 

The choice of a profession, of a college course, should 

11 



12 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

not be dependent, as it too often is, upon either chance or 

associations. In choosing a course from 
Individual the long list of courses which the Uni- 

Should Choose versity offers the decision should be 

left very largely to you as an individual. 
The work you are to follow you should yourself select. 
Your father and mother may express preferences, your 
teachers and friends may give advice, but after all it is 
you who are to live the life, and do the work, and succeed 
or fail. You should listen to the advice, and have regard 
for the preferences, but you should not be dominated by 
them. 

First of all you should determine the sort of work for 
which you are best fitted. You will be helped in this 

self-analysis by studying your work in 
Personal the high school, and determining from 

Fitness this what you have done most success- 

Necessary fully. Your friends and teachers will be 

able to help you in this regard, though 
they may sometimes be prejudiced in your favor, and 
decide that you can do a thing well because they desire 
you to do it well. If you do not enjoy mathematics, and 
if you get on with difficulty in these subjects, you are 
not likely to be a successful engineer; if literature and 
language do not appeal to you, and if you have little 
imagination or love of the beautiful, you should not elect 
to be either a poet or an architect; if you have been awk- 
ward and unsuccessful in the chemical or biological 
laboratory you should in all probability not make science 
your major subject. 

Besides studying your own fitness for a course of 
study, your choice may very well be influenced by what 

you like. If you like your work you will 
Choose What go at it with more energy and enthusiasm 
You Lake than if it were distasteful to you, and so 

you will be very much more likely than 
otherwise to do it well. No matter how admirably we may 
be situated in the work in which we are engaged, there 
will come regularly the difficult, or the unexpected situa- 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 13 

tion. There are always unpleasant tasks in whatever 
business we may be engaged, and if we have no love for 
our work, if it does not interest us, if we can not come to 
it each day with exhilaration and joy, then we are indeed 
unfortunate. 

Do not choose a course of study simply because it 
seems in itself desirable. Scores of students fail in tech- 
nical courses for the reason that they have chosen their 
course of study on its merits without determining their 
personal fitness to pursue such a course. No course of 
study, no matter how well planned it may be, is a good one 
for you unless you have some special fitness for it. 
Neither should you choose your course of study on the 
principle that the best course is the one that leads im- 
mediately to the most remunerative position. Your future 
success does not depend upon the course you take, but upon 
your own talents and especially upon your preparation 
and fitness to fill an important place. There are always 
opportunities for those who are thoroughly prepared to 
take advantage of them. A good many students choose a 
course of study because it seems easier than another, or 
because it may be completed within a somewhat shorter 
time. Such a method is a very foolish one. Often the 
best course is the most difficult, and the one which takes 
the longest time to complete. If you have to work for 
your living in college you will usually show judgment 
if you do not plan to complete your work within the four 
years. A year more or less does not matter, provided you 
have done your work well. You are not likely to earn 
your living, and do in the same time creditably the work 
to which other students have all their time to devote. 
You will be sensible to take another year. 

There are certain mental and moral traits, no doubt, 
which are necessary to success in any line. It is quite 

conceivable that in order to get on as a 
Other Traits president of a great railroad system, or 

Necessary as a coal heaver, one should have energy. 

Industry, also, is necessary, no matter 
what we are trying to accomplish. Integrity, persistence^ 



14 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

application, self-confidence within limits are all required 
if one is to succeed in the most exalted positions or at 
the humblest tasks. 

If after you have entered upon a course chosen in all 
good faith, it comes to you that you have made an unwise 

choice, and are attempting something for 
Don't Be Afraid which you are not fitted, and for which 
to Change you have no liking, do not hesitate to 

change. Finish the semester you have 
begun, and do your work energetically, and as well as you 
can. It is quite likely that the work you are carrying will 
apply as electives on another course you may choose, but 
even if this is not true you will not want to show yourself 
a ''quitter'' in the midst of a game, and you will not be so 
likely to secure permission to change to a second course if 
you have not done your best in the first one. 

In choosing a course of study at a state institution like 
the University of Illinois, which is supported by the people 

of the State, you should do so not only 
Service to with an idea of what is best suited to 

the State your own talents and tastes, and of what 

will bring you the most gratifying 
financial returns, but you should have in mind, also, in 
making your choice that which will give you an opportunity 
for service to the state. Your education will cost the State 
of Illinois many times the amount which you will in fees 
pay to the institution. You are to pay this back by good 
citizenship; by doing creditably whatever work you elect 
to do; by doing it better than other people do it, and 
better than you yourself would have been able to do 
without the training you are to receive. When you choose 
your course, and when you are pursuing your course you 
should not lose sight of this fact. 

Every year there seem to be more and more young 
men who want to go to college, but who are at sea as to 
what sort of work to take. They do not know just what 
each particular course prepares a man to do, and they too 
often drop into something for which they are not fitted 



FACTS FOE FEESH3IEN 15 

just because some friend has suggested that it is a "good 
course to take." Now, any course is a good one if the 
student shows fitness for it and interest in it. 

The courses in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences 
are to prepare one for a profession or to give him general 

training. Those persons who take these 
Liberal Arts courses go into teaching, or later take up 

and Sciences the work of medicine, or the ministry, or 

law. Those who have facility in writing, 
who enjoy the study of English and other languages, who 
read rapidly and speak correctly, should go into this col- 
lege. Those who enjoy science and who wish to find their 
work in the practical application of science may have a 
chance in the study of physics, chemistry, and other special 
or technical courses. The student who later expects to 
study medicine will also find his preliminary training in 
science and literature in this college. 

The courses in the College of Commerce and Business 
Administration are primarily to prepare the student for 

business life, and by this is meant busi- 
Commerce and ness in the highest sense. If one is lo 
Business do well the work of this college he must 

Administration be systematic and exact. He must have 

a good address and must be able to 
develop association with men easily. 

This college offers work in Banking, in Insurance, in 
Accountancy, in Transportation, in Foreign Commerce, and 
it prepares students for positions as teachers or as Com- 
mercial and Civic Secretaries. 

The student entering upon an engineering course 
should understand that he is taking the initial step leading 
to an exacting profession. Skill of hand 
Engineering is desirable, but not essential, though 

skill of hand alone will not make an engi- 
neer. The engineer's activities are based chiefly upon 
intellectual qualities and attainments. The man does well 
as an engineer who understands the facts of practice and 
who is able to adapt these facts to his peculiar problems. 
The student who has fair ability, and a willingness to 



16 UNIVEESITY OF ILLINOIS 

work, may achieve success as an engineer. Some taste for 
mathematics is a prerequisite, and in any case success in 
the mathematical work of a chosen course is absolutely 
essential. 

The boy brought up on a farm, with a training received 
in the country, and with land of his own, or a chance to 
get land, should find his life work on the 
Agidculture farm unless he can give a more than 

ordinarily good reason for doing other- 
wise. Men who like the free, independent, open life of the 
country, who enjoy working out of doors, who like animals, 
who take pleasure in nature, will find boundless oppor- 
tunities in agriculture. It is interesting to note that half 
the students who come to the University College of Agri- 
culture have not been brought up on a farm, and do not 
come from the farm, but from the towns and cities. 
Some of these men do not intend to become farmers, but 
expect to be bankers, business men, scientists, and they 
realize how closely these other interests are connected with 
scientific agriculture. 

The courses in agriculture at the University offer a 
sufficient variety of special lines to adapt themselves to 
the tastes and talents of the individual. One can not grad- 
uate without some special training nor without having 
done some work to broaden his intellectual outlook. The 
major work of the college is done in five departments, — 
Agronomy, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Husbandry, Horti- 
culture, and Household Science. The last of these fur- 
nishefe training for young women in the science and art of 
household affairs and home making, as well as prepares 
teachers of domestic science in the schools. Men are not, 
however, excluded from these courses. Whether a man 
specializes in Agronomy, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Hus- 
bandry, or Horticulture should be determined by his tastes, 
his probable location after graduation, and his opportuni- 
ties to go into one sort of work or another. The student 
with a farm of his own should be guided largely by what 
is possible or best to do with that farm. 

Regular students entering the College of Law are now 
required to obtain one or two years of general college 



FACTS FOE FRESHMEN 17 

credit before they are admitted. Students 
Law twenty-one years of age, or over, may be 

admitted as special students, but are not 
eligible for a degree. Those who study law to acquaint 
themselves with its principles as a part of a general edu- 
cation, without any intention of going into the practice of 
the profession, are increasing in number, but the qualifica- 
tions for success on the part of these are not materially 
different from those qualifications required for the success- 
ful pursuit of a general education. 

The student who takes up the study of law for the 
purpose of later engaging in the practice of law as a pro- 
fession should have a mind capable of logical analysis. 
He must be able to apply legal reasoning to the solution 
of the question submitted to him or he will fail as a 
lawyer. He must have the ability to think independently, 
to reason accurately. 

The law student should be of a practical turn of mind; 
he should be of so practical a turn of mind that he can get 
away from old worn-out precedents, and at the same time 
not try to demolish the entire structure of legal machinery. 
The idealist, the extremist, the socialist should not try 
to be a lawyer. 

The law student should have the power of ready ex- 
pression, both in writing and in speech. This ability is, of 
course, largely a matter of cultivation, but there should be 
some natural talent, especially if the student is ambitious 
to succeed as an advocate. He must have a guarded 
tongue, however. The lawyer who talks too much, or too 
freely, does not inspire confidence. If it is hard for the 
student to keep a close mouth, if he has a natural prone- 
ness to throw open his windows and expose his furniture, 
then he should not take up the profession of law. 

Above all the young man who enters the study of law 
with a view to practicing the profession should have the 
instincts of honesty in a high degree. There is no pro- 
fession in which the temptations to dishonesty, and the 
opportunities to commit fraud are greater than in the 
legal profession; and yet the success that is attained by 



IS ^^■ITI:BSITT of rLLi>"ois 

sharp practice, cunning, and misrepresentaiion. is of short 
life. The brilliant lawyer with a low sense of honor never 
attains a high standing in his profession. The crook is 
out of place in the law. 

A great many people advise the youn? man not to go 
into the law. for the reason, as they say. that there are too 
many lawyers. No other profession oner- ~iier oppor- 
tunities for adv:^z:r:rent and influence to young men of 
integrity, ability, and industry. Even at the outset the 
well-trained man may make a living, and will not need 
to "starve for ten years'" as "":,5 Lnir ^::.:;I to be expected. 

Thr ^:-.:::fn: who takes i:p zh^ "::"_: of the librarian 
should be nieiiiiniical. adaptable. lorceiul. tactful, and care- 
ful of his appearance, since he will regu- 
Library Science larly have to meet people in a business 
way. and mus: br o?: ' '^ " ':ing busi- 
ness with the young and the eld. :ne c^^.:.:-^ and the 
illiterate. The successful librarian is an orga^nizer, and 
an administrator. The ■laiyl'rie" mrn nrsd not apply for 

a job as ^'^ ian. Ke may na: vri^ely ' ^ " " rmatic in his 

views, c_. _r must be able to think :_: . .niself, and to 
stand on his own feet. The librarian must know about 
books rather than to be a lover of books, or even a reader 
of books. There is a saying that "The librarian who reads 
is dead."" which means that the up-a;-aa:e librarian is too 
busy to find time to read books, he must know what is iu 
them without reading them. 

Students who apply for admission to the Library 
School must present credentials showing that they possess 
a bachelor"s degree either from the University, or from 
some other approved college. The Library course is two 
ye-ars in length, and covers all phases of practical and 
technical Library- work. The fact that the School is 
located in the University library is of inestimable value to 
students. 

The demand for men as librarians, and as heads of 
departments in libraries is constantly increasing, with 
little likelihood of its being supplied. The oc-cupation is 
a pleasant one, which gives a man an immediate social 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 19 

Standing in the community in whicn he is employed. The 
life is independent, the hours are reasonable, and the 
remuneration satisfactory. 

The courses offered in the School of Music may very 
profitably form a part of a good general education. If, 

however, a student hopes to make music 
Music a profession, and from its practice to 

earn a living, or to accomplish something 
of distinction, he should hesitate about going into it unless 
he has demonstrated pretty thoroughly that he has more 
than commonplace musical ability in one direction or 
another. Few professions are more exacting or demand 
greater genius or more persistent practice through many 
years. 

With fair skill, however, and a willingness to work, 
a music student has a reasonable future to look forward 
to, especially if he has had training in more than one 
line. If one has studied the piano, for instance, and can 
at the same time sing, play a violin, or a band instrument, 
he is likely to find satisfactory employment. Public school 
music is now receiving attention all over the country, and 
offers opportunities for those who have had the required 
training. It is only the broadly trained musician with 
some talent who will ever reach any degree of distinction. 



The Problem of Living 

In the early days of the University, students found the 
most attractive places to live at some distance from the 
campus, often lodging two miles or more from the Uni- 
versity grounds. In recent years students have been 
crowded as thickly and as closely as possible about the 
University, no one living more than a few blocks from 
the campus, excepting as he may wish to find a lodging 
place at a lower price. With the increased attendance, 
however, students must again scatter more widely. The 
farther away one goes the more cheaply he can usually 
find lodging. One who has a reasonable amount of money 
furnished him need not consider these relatively small 
differences, however. 

A student coming to the University for the first time 
jshould not put off the selection of a lodging place until 
registration day, or he is likely to have 
Crettiiig a little choice left him. He should choose 

Room early and thoughtfully, during the sum- 

mer, perhaps, with regard to his own 
comfort and convenience. Usually two students live 
together in one room, more than this is likely to result 
'disastrously to their studies, and this room is their home 
^^ — parlor, study, living room, bed chamber — all combined 
In one. It is desirable that it be well located, well heated, 
and well cared for. All these points should he carefully 
considered before the room is contracted for — they are 
much better adjusted before than after one has become 
a tenant. 

The matter of neighbors is important. It is undesir- 

20 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 21 

able for many freshmen to occupy the same lodging house; 

their habits of study are likely to be un- 
Neighbors formed, and they waste each others' time 

without knowing it. It is unwise to live 
in a house where more than half the students are freshmen, 
and it is not helpful to scholarship to live in a house 
where there are many unorganized students of any class. 
Numbers do not conduce to scholarship. Men who have 
been intimate in the high school are more likely to play 
than to work, though congenialty and community of 
interest are well worth looking for; the new student is 
influenced materially for good or for evil by the men with 
whom he lives. 

When you make a contract for a room be sure you 
have a definite and specific agreement, written if possible. 
The custom in Champaign and Urbana, 
Making a which for all practical purposes is the 

Contract law, is to hold students to whatever con- 

tract, oral or written, they have made. 
Be sure you know what regulations the landlady lays 
down, for by taking her room you agree to these. If 
no definite time is set then, whether he gives notice or 
not, the student must pay simply for the full month on 
which he has entered, and may leave at any time. If he 
has a definite agreement or understanding for a semester, 
or for the year, for instance, then he is held to this, 
and unless he can show that the landlady has broken her 
contract, must pay for the full time. Students should 
keep these points in mind; for the fact that one later 
finds that he can get a better room at a cheaper rate, 
or find a more agreeable location, or get into a fraternity, 
does not absolve him from the responsibility of his con- 
tract. Usually, however, if he can discover some one who 
is willing to take the room off his hands he is allowed 
to move. As to the payment of rent during the Christmas 
and other vacations, no general custom prevails. Some 
landladies make no deductions from the regular price; 
some charge but half rates for the time students are 
absent; and others make no charge at all. It is, therefore, 



22 I:xI^TRSITY of illi^^ois 

all a matter of previous agreement, concerning which the 
student should be careful and definite. 

A list of available rooms in both cities, with descrip- 
tion and prices, is ordinarily kept by the Young Men's 
Christian Association, and by the office 
Y. My C. A. List of the Dean of Men, where it may be 
consulted freely by students. 
A comparison of prices w^ill show that room rent is 
somewhat higher in Champaign than in Urbana, and some- 
what higher on Green, John, Daniel, and 
Comparison Chalmers streets in Champaign than in 

of Prices other parts of the city. About forty-five 

per cent, of the students live in Urbana, 
and about fifty-five in Champaign. It is also usually true 
that a relatively larger percentage of the upper classmen 
live in Champaign than in Urbana. This is accounted for 
by the fact that practically all of the men's organizations 
have their houses or their headquarters in Champaign. 

The sensible student will not move often. If in 
business life three moves are equal to a fire, in college life 

that many moves are generally equal to a 
Don't Move flunk; for the man who can not get on 

Often with his landlady is not likely to be more 

successful with his instructors. Every 
student should select such a place to live as will enable him 
to live comfortably, and to do his work quietly and regu- 
larly. The work of a college course is a man's work, and 
it takes most of the student's time to do it well. It is 
sometimes difficult to do it even under the most comfort- 
able and favorable conditions. 

On this most important subject of getting on with the 
landlady I might offer a few suggestions. The freshman's 

conduct in his room — and it is most 
Getting on with frequently the freshman who has the 
the Landlady trouble — very largely determines the 

landlady's frame of mind. A quiet, 
polite, orderly freshman usually hooks up with an obliging, 
tidy landlady. The student ought not to burn the lights 
when it is unnecessary. If he makes some effort to keep 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 23 

his personal effects picked up off the floor, the landlady- 
will be encouraged to keep the room clean. It is almost a 
hopeless task for her if the roomer takes no interest in 
keeping the place neat. If burnt matches and cigarette 
stubs and waste paper and soiled clothing clutter the floor 
he need not be surprised if she is careless with the 
dusting. If the landlady goes to bed early, the student 
ought not to practice bass drum solos or start an im- 
promptu concert at midnight. The noisy student is usually 
a poor student. If he is of such a temperament as to 
require large numbers of friends to visit him, he ought 
to time their calls and the racket incident thereto in such 
a manner as to leave the other inhabitants of the place 
some opportunity to rest. If he shows courtesy and 
thoughtfulness, she is quite likely to prove an agreeable 
landlady. 

There are a great many places about the University 
where students may get meals. Most students lodge at one 
place, and get their meals at another. 
Meals The boarding clubs and restaurants are 

managed in various ways. Some are 
''cooperative," some are managed by students, others are 
under private control; but in any case the price of meals 
varies little, and one place is about as good as another. 
At some places both men and women are served, and at 
others only men are admitted. There is perhaps more 
conventionality and better service at the mixed clubs than 
at others. The boarding house exclusively for men is likely 
to cause a degeneration in table manners. 

In recent years there have grown up about the campus 
a number of lunch rooms where one may get a respectable 

meal for a relatively small sum. These 
Avoid Lunch places serve twenty-one meals for a 
Counters stated amount and because they allow 

the greatest freedom as to time and regu- 
larity of attendance upon meals they have been extensively 
patronized. The service at these places is rapid, but 
usually crude, and the influences are unrefined. The boy 
who eats his meals with a rush is very likely to develop 



24 rxnXESITT OF ILLINOIS 

chronic indigestion, and unconventional service is pretty 
sure to encourage crude and careless manners; neither one 
of these things the college man can afford to carry about 
with him. The fact, too, that at such places the student 
pays only for what he selects, and so is given a chance to 
save money when his hunger is easily appeased, often leads 
him to choose an ill-nourishing or badly balanced ration. 
The student who tries to save money on his regular meals 
is laying up for himself an inheritance of indigestion, of 
which he will find it difficult or impossible to rid himself. 

All that has been said applies to the man who has 
sufficient money, and whose chief problem is how to use 

his time discreetly, and how to spend his 
Earn Your money wisely. The young fellow who 

Way Only If must himself make his living, or even a 

You Must part of it, while he carries a college 

course, is in a much more difficult 
situation. Hundreds of students every year perform the 
double task successfully, but the efforts of many result in 
ill health and intellectual failure. There are few things 
about which more foolish statements are made by the 
general public than concerning the advantages which are 
supposed to accrue from working one's way through 
college. Poverty is always uncomfortable, and seldom a 
help. To earn one's way in college takes time and energy 
which might usually be devoted to more profitable things. 
No one should try it who is not forced to do so. 

Any one who is to earn his living in college should 
not begin without money enough to carry him through a 

half year. It is better to defer entering 
Should Have college for a year or two after graduation 
Some Money from high school than to enter with no 

resources, and to be forced to depend 
upon picking chance jobs here and there for existence. 
Fees, books, and other supplies draw heavily upon the 
student's resources at the beginning, and he must have 
something with which to meet this heavy drain. It is 
sufficiently difficult to adjust one's self immediately to a 
new environment without adding to this the necessity at 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 25 

the same time of earning one's living. Nor is it easier, 
as men often think, to earn one's living in college than It 
is to do so in other places, especially in small places like 
Champaign and Urbana, where hundreds of other people 
are trying to do the same thing. The work of a college 
course is supposed to take the most of one's leisure time, 
so that one who enters college should have at least 
enough money to carry him for a half year, and it woula 
be wiser if he had enough for an entire year's expenses. 
It is seldom wise for such a man to attempt to carry a 
full schedule of studies. 

Young men who come for the first time to country 
places like Champaign and Urbana do not at first realize 
how many men there are who are trying 
Hardest for to earn a living, and how difiicult it 

New Men sometimes is for a new man at once to 

find something to do. Students who have 
been in college the previous year have wisely picked up 
all the best jobs before going home, so that little is left 
for the newcomer except the discard — that is waiting 
table, washing dishes, or tending furnaces. 

The skilled laborer always gets more for his services 
than the one who can do nothing more than ordinarily 
well. A student who can do no special 
Skill a work must take what he can get, and will 

Help receive for his services only the payment 

which is given the common laborer, that 
is commonly thirty or thirty-five cents an hour. One who 
has learned a trade will very rapidly find employment on 
Saturdays, and for his odd hours. Those with special 
talents may earn their living more easily than others not 
so endowed. 

People who sing, or play a musical instrument well, 
draftsmen, chauffeurs, barbers, bookkeepers, stenographers, 
and any with special training are much better fitted to 
help themselves than are those without such training. 

One who intends to take upon himself the burden 
of earning his living while in college should be mature — 
and by that I mean usually nineteen or twenty years of 
age. The burden is too great for the young boy to assume. 



26 UNn^KSITY OF ILLINOIS 

He should have a good physique, for he will often be 
forced to keep irregular hours, either to bring up his 
college work, or to do outside work. He will get into 
diflaculty if he slights either. The boy who w^orks for his 
living will have to give more conscious attention to his 
clothing than other fellows, because he is not likely to 
have a new suit often; he must look neat, and yet his 
work is pretty sure to be hard on his clothing. He must 
keep his clothes in good condition, therefore, or he will 
soon come to have a slovenly appearance. If any mem 
needs to learn neatness of appearance, and care in dress, 
it is the student who works for his living. 

He must be resourceful and adaptable, able to fit in 
anywhere, and able also to use his brain in his work. It is 

the student who first meets an unsolved 
Waiting Table condition, or satisfies an unsatisfied want, 
Easiest for who makes good at earning a living. 

New Man The number and variety of the places 

where a student may get work at the 
University is almost infinite, though of course the new 
student, as I have said, is most likely to find occupation 
in waiting table at the innumerable fraternities, clubs, 
and boarding houses about the campus. For this service 
he usually receives his board. Every one should depend 
on himself for a job. Very few people will hire a man 
solely on some one else's recommendation; they want to 
see him and size him up themselves. A week before college 
opens is a good time to arrive in Urbana, the Young Men's 
Christian Association employment bureau will help, and 
the Dean of Men is a good man to see for initial directions; 
then strike out for yourself, and if within two days you 
do not have a job it is your own fault. 

The student who is earning his living is doing a double 
business, neither part of which he can afford to neglect. 

If the food supply runs out, he is put out 
Must Do of business, and if he fails at his studies, 

a Double he is put out of college, so there you are. 

Business He makes good in both lines only by 

conserving his energies, developing con- 
centration of mind, and cultivating system in the use of 



FACTS FOR FKESHMEN 27 

his time. He can not afford to waste a moment. He will 
often have to sacrifice much, to keep out of many things 
that he would like to be a part of — athletics, social pleas- 
ures, college activities generally, — and he will not always 
be able to do his college work as well as he would like. 
College life is for him a compromise between what he 
would like to do, and w^hat he must do. 

Whether a student has much or little money it is a 
good thing for him to establish business relations as soon 
as he comes to Champaign or Urbana. If 
Don't Go possible each student should have a 

Into Debt definite monthly allowance due on a 

specific day, and on this he should see 
to it that he lives. It is better to have a bank account, 
and to pay all bills and accounts by check. Then the 
disagreements which frequently arise as to whether or 
not a bill has been paid will be impossible. Since students 
expect to live in a college town for four years they should 
not underestimate the importance of establishing at once 
a creditable reputation with the merchants with whom they 
are to do business. It is a good thing to have a regular 
place to trade, and to become personally acquainted with 
the men with whom you spend your money. Don't go into 
dehty and don't 'borrow of the other fellows in order to do 
things which you can not afford. It is never easier to 
pay up out of next month's allowance than it has been to 
meet your obligations out of this month's. It is not the 
size of your allowance which causes you to get on easily, 
but the way in which you manage what you have. Don't 
spend money that you do not have, and do not draw a 
check unless you are sure you have money in the bank. 



The Freshman in College 

One can always tell you are a freshman at college. 
You may be as self-possessed as possible; you may dress 
as you choose; you may ask no foolish 
Freshmen question, or show no lack of familiarity 

Always Kno\vn with the college customs; but you are a 
marked man the moment you set foot on 
the campus. Whether you come 1?rom Chicago) or a 
country town in Egypt with one general store and a post 
oflSce, it makes little difference, you can not conceal tha 
fact that you are a new-comer beginning your first 
experience in college. You are like the American in Paris, 
or Rotterdam, who thinks that if he does not speak no 
one will know him for a foreigner, but w^ho is spotted 
a block away by every small boy, and fakir, on the 
street. 

No one knows how he tells a freshman — it is some- 
thing of a matter of intuition. But the freshman learns 
rapidly to adapt himself to the new situ- 
Learns to ation; he picks up at once the ways of 

Adapt Himself the campus; by Thanksgiving he seems 
like an old settler, and by the end of the 
year he is ready to meet incoming freshmen with unerring 
recognition and condescension. Sometimes he adapts him- 
self too incompletely to his new environment. It is as 
much a fault to cling rigidly to one's home manners and 
habits and dress as it is to throw these to the winds and 
adopt the extremes of college customs and fads. In the 
unimportant things of college life it is well for the fresh- 
man to keep his eyes open and to "do as the Romans do;" 
it is not wise for him, however, on his return home at 
Thanksgiving to attempt to reproduce and to establish the 
customs of Rome in his home community. 

The differences between high school and college are 
marked, and are revealed in other directions quite as 

28 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 29 

strongly as in physical and social ways. The high school 
boy who is thinking of taking up a college course seldom 
stops to consider — perhaps he ought not to be expected to 
know — that the methods of work and the ways of living 
are quite different in college from what they are in the 
high school. 

It is not surprising that your idea of college life is an 
erroneous one. What you know of college you have most 
frequently gained from the exaggerated 
Comes With accounts of student escapades which you 
Wrong Idea have seen in the newspapers, or from the 

of College stories which you have heard related by 

your big brother or the local athlete who 
have returned home from the scenes of their scholastic 
triumphs. Such tales are usually unhampered by facts, 
and concern themselves more with the unusual and unim- 
portant things of college than with its real work. If you 
have visited the college at all it has more than likely 
been at the time of an important athletic contest, or of an 
interscholastic meet, when nobody works, or talks of work, 
and when the main thing under consideration is the 
athletic victory, and perhaps the celebration which follows. 
As you saw college then, it was a collection of care-free 
young fellows with little to do but to enjoy themselves, 
and perhaps occasionally, if nothing more important pre- 
vents, to attend a few lectures. In point of fact college 
life is a strenuous one, where every man has his work 
which must be given regular and serious attention. If 
you are to get on well in college, or in life for that matter, 
the sooner you recognize this fact and adapt yourself to 
the situation the better. Failure in college comes from a 
failure to recognize the fact that the aims of the college 
are different from those of the high school, that the 
amount of work required is greater, and that the methods 
of doing it must, also, be different. You must adjust 
yourself to these changed conditions if you would get on. 
As a high school boy you have seldom worked 
independently. The relations between you and your 
teacher have been closer, and more personal, than they 
are likely at first to be in college. You knew that if your 



30 UNIVERSITY OF ILLIISOIS 

work were not done when it should be, your teacher 

would remind you of the fact; if it were 
High School not done as it should be, the oft uttered 
Boy Not directions would be repeated. When you 

Independent were in difficulty there was some one to 

get you out. If the translation was hard, 
or the theme suDject not suggestive, or the problem in 
mathematics refused to be solved, some one would help. 
Even if your teacher proved indifferent, or incapable, 
there were father and mother, or older brothers and sisters, 
or friends to fall back upon as a last resort. Whatever 
you did, or thought, was somewhat under the supervision 
of some one older or more experienced than yourself. You 
judged of your success, or your progress, by what these 
people said of you or to you. In college it is different. 
Every one must look after himself; much of his training 
consists in his doing so. If he doesn't hustle, no one is 
likely at once to call his attention to the fact. 

The problem of living has not materially concerned 
you before you came to college. You have lived at home, 

and your comings and goings have been 
Some One under the direction of the older members 

Has Thought of the household. The most of your 
for You wants have been provided for without 

much thought or attention on your part. 
Mother has darned your stockings and picked out your 
neckties, and father has paid the bills. You have usually 
had relatively little money to spend, and even your com- 
panions, if they have not been directly selected by your 
parents, have yet come to you through your environment 
quite as much as from your deliberate choice. Your habits 
are as much the result of the conventions and customs of 
the community in which you have been brought up as of 
your own tendencies or inclinations. If you learned to 
dance it was because all the fellows did; if you went to 
church regularly, that was no necessary indication that you 
were religiously inclined; it was simply the custom. When 
you needed anything you asked for it, often without 
knowing much as to what it cost or where it came from. 
If your friends were not what they should be, or if your 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 31 

time were not well occupied, you knew very well that 
some one would shortly let you know about it. You had 
not yet been trained in independence or self-reliance of 
action. You were in most regards still a child. 

At college it is different. When your study program 
is decided upon, the disposal of your time is largely in your 

own hands. You may study one thing or 
In College You another, or you need not study at all. 
Must Decide You may read in the library, or walk 
for Yourself down town, or watch the team practicing 

on Illinois Field; there is no one to call 
you to account. If you attend regularly upon classes, and 
show a reasonable intelligence regarding your studies, you 
may employ your time as you please. You may choose 
your own companions, and act with absolute independence. 
There is a delightful freedom in all this which is some- 
times deceiving. You may assume that since no one calls 
you to account today there will be no reckoning tomorrow, 
but in this you are mistaken. Your time is your own, but 
it is your own to use wisely, and if you fail in this regard, 
you will suffer in the final reckoning, for there surely is 
to be one. 

I should not want you to feel that the life in college is 
vitally different from what it has been for each of you in 

your home communities, but at home 
College Life your comings and goings have been care- 
Not Vitally fully watched, and this fact has shielded 
Different you and has kept you from having to 

make many a decision yourself. 
On entering college you will have some definite prob- 
lems to face in a more personal way than they have ever 

before been presented to you. In most 
Definite cases you have previously been familiar 

Problems more or less closely with all the tempta- 

to Face tions which are to be found in college, 

but at home you have often been shielded 
from them — they have been more a name than a reality to 
you. Sooner or later every man must meet temptation 
face to face and say yes or no to its proposals. To most 
young fellows the critical time comes at about the age 



32 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

when he goes to college. For this the college is in no way 
responsible, though many conscientious men have tried to 
hang the blame there. 

I should not feel that this little book is quite fulfilling 
its mission if in it I did not warn you against tempta- 
tions peculiar to young men at the age when they enter 
college, and which in college, perhaps, are touched up with 
peculiar allurements and attractions. It is true that a 
large majority of young men are little affected by these 
temptations and still fewer are permanently injured by 
them, but those who fail in college do so usually not from 
inability to do the work, but because they are led away 
by these other things. 

First of all there is the habit of loafing. As a high 
school boy you have perhaps worked little. What you 

have acquired has been gained by clever- 
Iiearn to Work; ness and quickness of perception rather 
Not to Loaf than by concentration and hard study. 

This ability to work hard and to concen- 
trate your attention upon your work you must learn, and 
you will seldom learn it except by serious practice. Most 
college men I think expect to work hard, but the trouble 
is to get at it today, and to keep at it tomorrow, and to 
concentrate the mind upon it while at work. Before you 
leave the train which is carrying you to your college town, 
sometimes unfortunately even before you are out of high 
school, you will have made engagements for days and 
weeks in advance which will often seriously interfere with 
the real work of college. There is the fraternity rushing, 
and the open grate fire, and the pipe, and the vaudeville 
show, and the new found friend, and the moon smiling 
down and inviting you out to stroll, and all these pleading 
in the strongest terms for self-indulgence, and self-grat- 
ification. There are a thousand other new and fascinating 
things which you may call by any name you please, but 
which after all are only other names for loafing. If you 
get into the habit of dawdling away your time, you can 
conjure up a hundred apparently good excuses for not 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 33 

Studying, and for not going to class. 

Perhaps one of the main reasons why it all seems 
so attractive and so safe is because the days are so long, 
and the time of final reckoning so far ahead and youth 
is so optimistic. I seldom call a man for procrastination 
and neglect of duty who does not tell me that it had been 
his serious intention to see me that day even if I had 
not called him, and I presume he is often telling the truth. 
I seldom talk to a loafer who has not promised himself, 
even before I urge him to get down to serious work, that 
he will stop his loafing at once. Loafing is a habit easily 
learned and hard to break, and it ruins more college 
careers at the very outset, than does any other vice. Then 
you should have a regular time for going to work each 
evening, and in the simple community in which we live 
this should seldom be later than half past seven o'clock. 
You should not be turned from the habit by alluring 
invitations to get into card games, or to stand around the 
piano and develop your taste for poor music, or to waste 
the evening in attendance upon a low class vaudeville 
show, or a racy moving picture performance, or even to 
sit in front of the fire and talk about politics or the girls 
with your room-mate. When the time comes for study 
you should go to it as if you liked it, and do this six 
days in the week and four hours a day. If you do this 
for a month or two there will be little likelihood of your 
developing into a chronic loafer. I have said all of this 
knowing that every healthy young fellow will want 
pleasure and relaxation and knowing also that he ought 
to have it. But the day furnishes time enough for class 
work and study and recreation and sleep if the twenty- 
four hours are intelligently utilized, and there is plenty 
of healthy recreation for the body and the mind if one 
will look for it. 

The temptation to waste time in gambling is an ever 
present and an increasing danger. There is a fascination 
in a game of chance which many a young man finds it 
hard to resist. It is so easy to argue that one must have 
some recreation and that if the time spent in playing 



34 rXIVERSITY OF ILLIXOIS 

games of chance is not intemperate or in excess of what 
one can afford there should be no 
Gambling objection to the practice on the part of 

Dangerous any sensible people. As to the money- 

lost (or won, for some one usually wins) 
it is often a negligible quantity, and in most cases not 
more perhaps than you might spend on a first class show or 
an entertainment of any sort. 

"What is the harm to me?" a young man asked me 
not long ago. "I can afford the time and the money it 
costs me. Why should I not shoot craps or play poker for 
money?" 

I should answer that it is a dangerous habit, because 
it almost invariably leads to excesses. The gambler learns 
to take risks which he can not afford, to waste time that 
should be given to something else, to bet and to lose money 
which is not his ow^n and which w^as not intended for this 
purpose, and he develops at once a reputation for unre- 
liability. No business man, even if he himself gambles, 
cares to employ a young fellow who has or who has had 
the habit, simply because he knows the dangers which 
surround it. I have known few men who began the habit 
in college, who found it easy to break it, and I have 
known none who, even though they played for small stakes 
and won or lost very little money, were not injured by it. 
If the habit is nothing more it is a time waster and leads 
you into associations which it were usually better not 
to have formed. 

As to drinking, many fellows say to me that th^y 
learned to drink at home with their fathers and mothers 
about the dinner table. This may all be 
Drinking true, and to such men I have nothing 

Brings Coarse to say, so long as they drink with their 
Associations fathers and mothers at home. The 

drinking habit as I have seen it practiced 
in our college community for many years has never been 
a help or an advantage to any student^ and it has 
usually been a distinct injury. Now that it is against the 
law it is still more so. The only excuse for it is that it 
is supposed to encourage sociability and to promote good 



FACTS FOR FEESHMEN 35 

fellowship. When liquor can be obtained only by violating 
the law or by doing some disreputable thing or going to 
some disreputable or remote place to get it the sort of 
good fellowship which it encourages is not of a very high 
order. The kind of people, both men and women, whom 
you are likely to meet at these places is not such as a 
college student will be helped by knowing, and the time 
spent in their society is not usually spent in such a way 
as to make you a better citizen. It is a fact, also, that 
practically all the young fellows I have known who speak 
of the harmlessness of "taking a drink occasionally" at 
one time or another take more than they can carry and 
are the worse for it. 

The safest plan if you are going to college with the idea 
of doing honest, satisfactory work is to leave the drinking 
of intoxicating liquors to those who have no real interest 
in the development of their moral and intellectual powers, 
for the drinking habit will invariably play havoc with your 
college work, not to speak of your morals. 

Smoking, too, although it can scarcely be called an 
immoral habit, has upon nervous and growing young 
fellows a bad effect. It is likely to 
Smoking Dulls develop restlessness and indigestion with 
the Brain the result that your power of concentra- 

tion is weakened, your brain dulled, and 
the likelihood of your doing good work very much lessened. 
The habit of using tobacco is in these days so common 
and so little thought of among young men that it seems 
almost a waste of time to speak against it. I have, how- 
ever, seen too many nervous systems weakened by its 
use, and the work of too many students injured irrepar- 
ably, not to utter a word of warning against it. Though 
the number of young fellows in college who smoke is 
regrettably large, you will gain nothing either in prestige 
or dignity by doing so. The ability to hold a pipe between 
the teeth or to puff at a cigarette does not make you 
more of a man even in a college community, and the fact 
that you do not smoke brings you into no discredit. 
No one need to say that he was forced into smoking in 
college or that he was made uncomfortable by refusing 



36 UNIVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS 

to do SO. If you find, therefore, that smoking is injuring 
your temper and your pocketbook, and your studies, if you 
find that it is gaining a hold on you and that you can 
with difficulty do without it, give it up; you will be quite 
as popular as you were before, and may be more of a man. 
If you have come from a healthy home where you 
have been taught by a good mother to live a clean life and 
to respect all women, you may be shocked at first by some 
of the views which are presented to you, and later you 
may even come to the point of asking yourself if perhaps 
you have not been a trifle prudish in your ideas, and if 
the other fellow^ may be right in his views. 

There will be those who will try to teach you that 
it is not only not necessary for you to lead a chaste, clean 
life, but that it is positively not a healthy 
Respect for thing for you to do so. They will teach 

Women and you that if you desire to gain your 

Clean liife Best highest physical development you must 
gratify your physical desires, and such 
men are only too willing to show you how this may safely 
be done. The statements of thousands of reputable 
physicians are to the effect that no young man suffers 
physically by living a life of chastity, but on the contrary 
he gains in strength and endurance by such a course. 
The young man who allows himself to be led into the 
associations of lewd women either through curiosity or 
the desire to know something of "real life" is running 
the gravest sort of danger. Most men who submit them- 
selves to such temptations fall a prey to them, and the 
result in most cases is a weakened will, a lowered moral 
tone, disease, a wrecked body, and eternal regret. 

Only a few months ago I stood beside the operating 
table where a young college student was about to submit 
to a critical operation to alleviate a disease which he had 
contracted from a prostitute. He was thinking, I know, 
of the pain which he must endure and of the danger to 
his life, and looking up into my face he said, having in 
mind the many fellows to whom I talk every year, "Tell 
them they always have to pay for it; they always have to 
pay for it." Through many years of observation on thou- 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 37 

sands of students I have come to know that the boy's 
words are true. The clean, continent life is the only safe 
one, and those young men who think otherwise and who 
gratify their physical passions "pay for it" ultimately in 
ruined health, and ruined characters, and ruined studies. 
The student with a clean mind and clean morals has the 
best chance of winning the high scholastic standing. One 
other thing that you might very well keep in mind — some 
day you are going to want to have a home of your own; 
and to take to it the girl whom you have chosen to be 
your wife. If at that time you can come to her with a body 
free from the effects of disease and a past life clean and 
wholesome, you may count the sacrifices of self control 
as nothing compared with the satisfaction you will then 
feel. 

In coming to the University of Illinois, you will meet 
all of these temptations which I have named, but if you 
are to get the most out of your work. 
You Can Meet if you are to develop into the sort of 
Temptation citizen which the state is wanting to 

educate, you will meet them manfully 
and you will conquer them as it is possible for every 
strong, healthy man to do, and as most healthy fellows 
succeed in doing. No one can help you much; it is a 
part of the problem of living which you must yourself 
solve. 

Fathers and mothers often feel that this sending 
the boy away from home and putting him in the way 
of temptation and upon his own responsibility is a danger 
which they can not risk. They want to watch over, guide, 
and direct him, so they bring him to college and keep 
up the methods of childhood throughout 
Must Take his college career. It is an interesting 

R^Bsponsibility fact that few boys whose homes are in 
a college town, or whose parents or 
guardians bring them to college, and continue a chaper- 
onage over them while there, do well in their college work. 
A college officer was asked not long ago by an otherwise 
sensible mother who had hovered anxiously over her young 
offspring during his high school course and for two years 



38 UXrV'ERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

of his college career, why he never accomplished anything. 
The reply was that he was never allowed to do so. Some- 
time or other, if one is to learn to swim, he must be 
thrown into the water, and allowed to make the struggle 
alone. It is not likely to work any damage if some one 
is sufficiently interested to stand by and watch the 
struggle, and if drowning is imminent, which is seldom 
the case, to extend the helping hand, but usually the 
swimmer learns because he has to, as the muskrat was 
said to learn to climb a tree. Having been given pre- 
liminary training he must be allowed to work out his 
own methods; he may go under a few times, and take on 
a little water, but he learns in the end to swim. 

It is equally true of the college man. He must learn 
independence, and self-reliance, and self-direction in the 
same way that young people learn to swim. One of the 
greatest sources of satisfaction to a college officer is to see 
how few suffer real disaster in the learning, and when 
these unfortunate results do come the trouble is quite as 
often at home as elsewhere, and would very likely have 
occurred no matter where the young student had been. 

It is quite likely that at college you will learn for the 
first time the value of money. Few high school boys know 
how much they cost, or have had a great deal of experience 
in expending the money that went for their support. 
If you are given a regular monthly allowance, as you 
should be given, it will very likely at first seem large to 
you; you will be a wise boy if you spend it witn discrim- 
ination and care. The fellows who are most regularly 
"broke," or hard up, are not the ones usually, who have 

the smallest allowance. It will be well 
Learn Value for you if you are required to keep an 

of Money account of your expenditures, or if not 

required to do so, if you still keep this 
account for your own enlightenment and direction. The 
recording of your own financial indiscretions will often 
keep you from further extravagance, and induce you to 
think twice before you part with your money. You will 
learn, or if you do not you should, that it often takes 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 39 

quite as much judgment to spend money wisely as to 
earn it. 

The tasks which must be accomplished in college are 
different, both in extent and purpose, from those which 

are exacted in high school. Perhaps 
Work in nothing is so painful a surprise to the 

College Heavier college freshman as that which comes 

to him on his first assignment of work. 
The number of problems you must solve, and the number 
of pages you must read seem appalling at first, or would 
seem so were it not for the fact that you will congratulate 
yourself that you have all the twenty-four hours at your 
disposal, and that there are eighteen weeks before thi 
final examinations. You will learn in time, too, that it 
is not alone in the extent of the work which you are to 
cover that the college differs from the high school, but in 
the purpose to be accomplished in this work as well. You 
must think if you are to perform your tasks readily, and 
your thoughts must be your own. You must be indepen- 
dent; in short, you must be a man. You may ask advice 
if you wish; if you get into trouble there are those who 
will help you, but in large part the problems are yours, 
and they must be solved by you, in your own way, and 
in your own time. 

The matter of your associates is also a serious one. 
Your friends in your home community have seldom been 
consciously chosen, except perhaps within certain pre- 
scribed limits; they have come largely from the families 
of the friends of your father and mother. In college the 
case may be wholly different. The majority of the people 

with whom you are most intimately 
Must Choose thrown you may very likely have never 
Your Own seen before; of their habits and their 

Associates ancestors you can at first know but little. 

You should use caution, if you are to 
choose wisely. You will be better off and safer in the end 
if you go slowly and look about you before you plunge 
into too fast friendships, either literally or figuratively. 
Your friends are most likely to be your making or your 
undoing. You have your opportunity to choose them con- 



40 T:>'m:EsiTY of illi>"ois 

sciouslv, and you should do this with a full knowledge of 
what your choice may mean. Good friends will lead you 
in the right direction, will help you to cultivate healthy, 
right habits, and will aid you in getting out of your college 
course the best there is in it. Ill-chosen friends may 
easily defeat all the right purposes for which you hare 
come to college. Now, as always, a man is judged by 
the company he keeps. 

All these problems which you will meet are difficult 
to solve. There is often home-sickness and discourage- 
ment, and sometimes, unfortunately, defeat; but in most 
cases the freshman can be relied upon. You know the 
lopes that are ba^ed on your success; you know the disap- 
pointment that will come if you fail, and you will meet 
the situation manfully. 



Class Attendance 

One of the duties of the office of Dean of Men is to 
supervise the class attendance of the undergraduate men 
of the University. Absences are reported daily by the 
class instructors and are recorded. When the absences 
of any undergraduate student aggregate one-tenth of the 
whole number of class recitations in a course, excep- 
ting in cases of military and physical training, such 
student is dropped from that course. Unavoidable absences 
do not count toward dropping a student from classes. 
When dropped, the student can be reinstated only by 
getting the consent of his instructor and the approval of 
the Dean of Men. If he is not reinstated, he receives a 
failure in the course at the end of the semester. If 
through cutting, a student reduces his study schedule 
below fifteen hours he goes automatically upon probation. 
No student will be allowed to withdraw from a course by 
the simple method of remaining away from class. 

If you must be absent from class for unavoidable 
reasons, or if you wish to leave town, you should inform 
the office of the Dean of Men. Though your instructor is 
not permitted to excuse absence in any case, you may 
well make to him an explanation of your absence. If you 
have been sick or out of town for a good reason, he will 
probably be more likely to aid you in making up back 
work if he knows of that fact than he otherwise would. 
At the same time you must remember that absence from 
class for any reason, even for sickness, is harmful to your 
work and will be looked upon as such. You should attend 
every meeting of your class, if possible. 

The regulation regarding absences is often misunder- 
stood to mean that every student is entitled to be absent 
a definite number of times without excuse. That meaning 
is not in the rule at all. Every student must go to all 
of his classes; if he does not he becomes liable to discipline 

41 



42 rXIVEESITY OF ILLINOIS 

unless he has acceptable reasons for each absence. The 
regulation means that when a student has been absent a 
certain number of times his instructor is given an oppor- 
tunity of saying whether he may continue in class, whether 
he should make up work mis^d, or whether he is so far 
behind with his work that he cannot continue with any 
hope of passing the course. 

In Military you should have no "absences without 
leave" on your record. If you must be absent from a 
drill period, you must get an excuse from the office of the 
Dean of Men, and you should present this to the military 
office before the hour of drill, and at latest before Saturday 
noon of the week in which the absence occurs. If you 
cannot do this personally or by telephone, arrange with a 
friend to do it for you and be sure that he does it. It will 
pay you to read carefully the rules of the Military Depart- 
ment upon this and all other points, for a part of their 
instruction is in discipline, and you will suffer a penalty 
if you violate their rules. The Director of Physical 
Education will excuse students for sickness if they present 
an excuse from the office of the Dean of Men. 

As you grow older in your course you will discover 
that the temptations to cut class come more frequently and 
with apparently better reasons for doing so. As you 
become involved in a confusion of work to be done, you 
will be sorely tempted to stay away from one class to 
prepare the work for another, or to stay away to avoid a 
failure to recite. This is a bad policy; it can be compared 
to the world-old blunder of robbing Peter to pay Paul — 
a blunder committed only by people whose fortunes are 
at a low ebb. You will lose immeasurably by it. It is 
far better to go to class, take the medicine of failure to 
recite, and reform afterward. Your increasingly active 
participation in outside interests will offer, also, many 
reasons why you might frequently cut class. Your fra- 
ternity, your religious work, your athletics, debating 
teams, or your attempts to earn money are some of the 
interests that may serve as seemingly good reasons why 
you may be irregular in class attendance. But even the 
best of these are poor excuses. The most efficient men 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 43 

in college activities are usually those who do their class- 
work well. The poorest students are those who cut class 
regularly. Most students with low grades or on probation 
have a poor attendance record. That man who fulfills 
all his obligations is the most valuable man to the interest 
with which he is allied. Y. M, C. A. men who flunk 
weaken their influence with other students; fraternity 
men who are over-zealous in their fraternity work, often 
deprive their fraternity of their efforts by being forced 
to leave college; and many athletes betray their teams 
by failing to remain eligible. In this respect a burden 
of outside activities is as obnoxious as indolence. It can 
be shown that seventy-five per cent, of those who fail 
to pass in their courses have been careless or irregular 
in their class attendance. 

A real secret for success and happiness in college is 
regularity in appointments of all kinds, and not the least 
of these is the class period. 



College Activities 

Joining an organization, in the common parlance of 
college students, is called "making" tlie organization. A 
man **makes" the football team, or the Glee Club. 
People ask, "Did So-and-so 'make* a fraternity?'' And 
making something or other seems to be so much talked 
about, both in college and out, that the freshman is 
likely to come to think that "to make" this or that club, 
or fraternity, or team, is quite the important thing in 
life. 

For some men it is so. Others, a large majority, 
after the first rush is over, go on with the daily task 
quite contentedly, "making" something if their talents 
or qualities bring them into notice, or doing pretty well 
"outside," as the case may be. This is especially so 
with regard to social and honorary organizations. 

Every man in the University, however, can belong 
to some organization having to do with student inter- 
ests. What this organization is will depend in some 
cases upon the man's willingness to join, in others upon 
some special ability he may have, and in others, still, 
upon his personal popularity. A freshman should early 
ally himself with some organized interest in which he 
will associate with other men. No matter what may be 
the primary purpose of student organizations, the social 
value will be ever present. Men drawn together by a 
single common interest will associate also in other ways. 
This will be especially true of the freshmen who, without 
much previous acquaintance, must expect to make their 
first friends among the men who are brought close to 
them first. 

The healthy freshman will desire immediately to make 
friends among his fellows. The man who holds himself 
aloof from the social side of the life before him, who keeps 
to his room, or spends his leisure hours alone, is abnormal. 

44 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 45 

For him there is always a danger of falling into the bad 
mental or physical habits that form in men who are 
without the correcitiv© influence of social intercourse. 
The man who lives openly among his fellows improves by 
their spoken or unspoken comment, and, what is more 
to the point, his bad qualities and bad tendencies become 
more easily known to those whose interest it is to correct 
truant tendencies. The boy who lives alone in a com- 
munity where most boys intermingle joyously, hangs 
about himself a shroud of mystery which may or may not 
hide bad faults. What he is nobody knows unless some 
unusual thing happens to bring him suddenly into the 
light. For the reason that the chance for helping him, 
if he needs help, is so much lessened, college oflBcers fear 
for the welfare of the boy who lives too greatly by 
himself. 

The freshman who wants to make friends will choose 
the safest way if he offers to meet his fellowmen through 
interests that are organized. Student organizations are 
under constant, careful scrutiny, and must be conducted 
carefully, and with official approval. The men, then, 
whom one comes to know in their meetings are more 
likely to be responsible and helpful friends than those 
whom one meets at random on the streets, in billiard halls, 
or at boarding clubs. As the freshman grows older he 
Will acquire a certain ability to judge men whenever he 
meets them, but, at first, he will be happier if he depends 
upon the approved ways of making acquaintances. The 
so-called wise freshman, the man who relies entirely upon 
himself, is often the most easily spoiled or tricked. The 
truly wise freshman will do as truly wise men in every 
place do, trust to the agencies that have the reputation 
for reliability. 

Of the organizations that are open to all men, the 
religious organizations touch the greatest number. The 
importance of the social part that reli^- 
Relij?ious ious organizations may take in the life 

Organizations of the college student cannot be denied. 
A safe and sure way for the incoming 
freshman to make worthy friends, and to get beneficial 



46 U>"n'ZP..SITY OF ILLIXOIS 

counsel, is through the Young Men's Christian Association, 
and the student societies of local churches. One need not 
avail himself of the privileges of these interests long, he 
may even leave them as soon as they have given him a 
working acquaintance, but if he wishes a safe beginning, 
this is one of the ways to find it. 

The Yoimg Men's Christian Association is the active 
men's religious organization of University students. The 
Association oc^^upies an attractive build- 
The Young ing at the c-orner of Green and Wright 

Men's Christian streets where you will always find a 
Asseciation welcome. 

The Association is most helpful to 
new students, and a new student can do no wiser thing 
than go to the Association hut as soon as he arrives. Lists 
of rooms and boarding places are posted, members of the 
Association meet all trains, assist students in finding 
sa.tisfactory locations, and endeavor to make them feel at 
home. A regularly conducted employment bureau under 
general direction of the office of the Dean of Men has been 
of immense service in helping students to find work. 

The Young Women's Christian Association performs 
similar service for the young women of the University. 

The local churches in Champaign and urbana make 
every eSort to attract students, to engage them in the 
various forms of church work, and to 
The Cliurches give them a hearty welcome. Certain 
churches near the campus, such as the 
Trinity Methodist Episcopal church, the George McKinley 
Presbyterian church, the Congregational church, the Bap- 
tist church, and the University Place Christian church, are 
looked upon especially as "student" churches, and here the 
students attend in large numbers. Other Protestant 
denominations employ "student pastors" who give their 
entire time to calling upon students, making their 
acquaintance, and interesting them in religious work. 
Other religious denominations support organizations. Phi 
Kappa fraternity is an organization of Roman Catholic 
students. Gregory Guild is made up of Baptist students. 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 47 

and the Episcopalian students support a chapter of the 
Brotherhood of Saint Andrew. Bushnell Guild is composed 
largely of Congregational students, Ivrim is made up of 
Jewish students. The Presbyterian and the Episcopalian 
churches also each conducts a dormitory for young women. 
Quite different from the religious organizations in 
purpose, there are certain other organizations, open to all 
students, which will help the freshman to start right in 
becoming a normal part of college life which he has 
entered. 

The Illinois Union, organized in 1909, is an association 
of the men of the University for the promotion of college 
spirit and good fellowship. All men stu- 
The Illinois 4ents of the University are eligible to 

Union active membership upon the payment of 

the life membership fee of one dollar. 
The Union has for its present primary aim the building of 
a clubhouse to serve as a general meeting place for the 
men students, though for the present it has quarters on 
the first floor of "Illini Hall," the building formerly 
occupied by the Y. M. C. A. The Union is gradually 
enlarging the scope of its activities, and membership in 
it is becoming more and more necessary to the students 
of the University. 

The Athletic Association has direct charge of all of 
the competitive athletics of the University, both intercol- 
legiate and intramural. Membership in 
The Athletic the Athletic Association costs seven 
Association dollars and entitles one to admission to 

all of the athletic contests of the year. 
If one attends all, or even a majority, of the athletic 
games he will save money if he holds an Athletic Asso- 
ciation coupon book. There are numerous intercollegiate 
football games at home, basketball games, track meets, 
swimming meets, and baseball games. The minimum ad- 
mission price to any of these is fifty cents. The proceeds 
from the sale of memberships in the Association and from 
admissions to the games go to pay the expenses of the 
various teams, for a large part of the salaries of the 
coaches, and for the upkeep of the playgrounds which the 



48 rMVKHSITY OF iixi>-ois 

Athletic Association controls for the use of intramural 
sports. The affairs of the Athletic Association are admin- 
istered by a Board of Control, comprised of faculty, 
student, and alumni members. The student members are 
the managers of the various teams. These student man- 
agers are selected by the Board of Control as a result 
of a period of competition. Candidates for these various 
managerships begin their term of competition in the begin- 
ning of the sophomore year as assistants to the managers; 
at the end of the sophomore year two candidates are 
selected for competition for each position during the 
junior year; and at the end of the junior year the Board 
of Control selects one of the two candidates for each man- 
agership. These positions in the Aiheltic Association are 
greatly sought after and are among the first honors 
possible to undergraduates. 

In all of the departments of the University there are 
a number of clubs which are auxiliary to the courses of 
study. These clubs hold regular meet- 
Professional ings in which subjects of particular 
Clubs interest to the members are discussed, 
and most of them during the year invite 
to speak before them men of some prominence from the 
outside. There is also a pleasing social side to most of 
them. Every freshman should early become interested in 
one of these clubs, and make a strong effort to become 
active in its work. It is by extending one's interests in 
this way that a general acquaintance of more than tem- 
porary value is formed. 

Organizations which call for special ability are 
athletic, musical, journalistic, literary, and dramatic. 
Membership is usually gained only after a period of pro- 
bation during which the applicant's merits are tested. 

Fully one-third of the men students of the University 
engage actively in competition for places on one or another 
of the many athletic teams. To become 
Athletics a member of a squad trying out for an 

athletic team is easy, and usually entails 
nothing more than appearing for practice, and becoming 
acquainted with the coach in charge. 



FACTS FOR FEESHMEN 49 

Intercollegiate competition in athletics is maintained 
by the University of Illinois with all of the other univer- 
sities of the Western Conference; namely, 
Intercollegiate Chicago, Northwestern, Minnesota, Wis- 
Athletics consin, Iowa, Indiana, Purdue, Michigan, 

and Ohio. Practice competition is en- 
gaged in to a limited extent with minor colleges near by. 
At Illinois, teams are entered in football, baseball, track, 
basketball, swimming, gymnastics, fencing, wrestling, 
cross country running, tennis, and golf. Freshmen may 
not compete in 'Varsity competition, and so in each lino 
of sport a freshman squad is maintained. 

Competition for places upon the various teams is 
keen, and only men of ability, who are willing to train 
consistently, and who can keep up with their scholarship, 
make the regular places. The squads are always large, 
however, and few men participate in more than one 
branch of sport, so that there is an opportunity for a 
relatively large number of men to get the benefits of 
the training. The best athletes of the teams have usually 
been developed under the coaches from rather inexper- 
ienced material, and any freshman who has ability at all 
will be given a big chance to show what his ability may 
amount to. 

The man who would gain a place on the teams must 
be prepared to make some sacrifices before he can realize 
his ambition. He must give to his training a rather large 
part of every afternoon in the season of his sport, he 
must regulate his habits to strict standards, he must do 
his scholastic work a little better than the average, and 
he must develop a personality that will make him an 
unselfish, trustworthy teammate. 

In all lines of 'Varsity competition, there are main- 
tained, also, class teams representing the classes in the 
various colleges. This kind of competi- 
Class Athletics tion is popular, and attracts a larger 
number of competitors than the 'Varsity 
teams do. 

Competition for places on the various University 



50 uni\t:esity of Illinois 

publications is in most cases open to freshmen. To gain a 
place as a member of the staff of one of these publications, 
demands natural ability to write well, regular and per- 
sistant work, and good scholarship. If 
Publications one has the time and energy to spare 

to journalistic work, he will find a 
satisfactory reward in working for the college papers. 
The term of apprenticeship, however, is long and, some- 
times, tiresome, and its rewards consist very largely in 
the practical experience received, and the companionship 
of men who are active in conducting the affairs of under- 
graduate and general University interests. 

Most of the University publications are under the 
direction and control of the Ulini Publishing Company. 

Briefly stated these are the Illini which 
The Daily began its existence in 1873 as a monthly 

Illini publication but which since 1902 has 

been published six days in the week, 
appearing every day but Monday. 

The IlUo, the University year book, published by the 
junior class and issued some time near the end of the 
college year. From 1882 to 1893 the 
Other year book was published by the sopho- 

Publications more class under the title of the 

Sophograph. The Illinois Magazine, a 
literary undergraduate publication, issued about once a 
month more or less irregularly since 1902. The Techno- 
graph, an engineering publication issued four times a 
year. The Siren, a humorous publication issued nine times 
a year. Other publications not under the control of the 
Illini Publishing Company are the Agriculturist, a monthly 
magazine, published by the Agricultural dub, and The 
Illinois Chemist, edited by the students and faculty of the 
department of Chemistry. 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 51 

The military bands, officially a part of the University 
brigade, are popular and efficient organizations. Competi- 
tion for places in them is very keen, and 
The in most cases membership in them is 

Military Bands gained only after repeated trials. Mem- 
bership in the bands requires the sacrifice 
of much time in rehearsals, drill periods, special occasions, 
and concerts, but the experience and training gained is 
very valuable. Credit for Military drill is given to the 
freshman and sophomore members and remission of the 
tuition fees in the University to the junior and senior 
members. The instruments are furnished by the Uni- 
versity, and the instruction is under the direction of the 
Instructor in Band Instruments. Two home concerts are 
given each season, and a short concert trip is made to 
nearby cities. 

The Glee and Mandolin Clubs, limited in membership 
to about forty members, are composed of students of some 
ability either in vocal or instrumental 
The Glee and music. Membership in them is decided 
Mandolin Clubs by competition early in the year. About 
two hours a week regularly are spent in 
rehearsals, and more in the concert season. 

In the early years of the University the literary 
societies, of which there were two for men and one for 
wotnen were the leading social and 
liiterary literary organizaltions among the stu- 

Soeieties dents. In tne year 1872-73 the two 

societies, Philomathean and Adelphic, 
were given the rooms in University Hall that they have 
since continued to occupy. In 1905 The Ionian Society, 
the third men's literary society, was formed. 

Each society has a membership of from thirty to forty 
members; all undergraduates who show a talent and 
interest in literary lines are eligible. The meetings are 
held weekly and consist of programs of oratorical, declam- 
atory, musical, extempore, and debating numbers. 

Considerable activity is shown among the students of 



52 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

the University in amateur dramatics. During the year the 
literary societies and the classes in dra- 
Dramatics matic reading present plays of one kind 

or another. There are two organizations 
devoted exclusively to dramatics — the Mask and Bauble 
Club and the Illinois Union Opera Company. The former 
is composed of both men and women students and confines 
its efforts to drama. The latter is composed exclusively 
of men and produces each year a comic opera. Places in 
the casts of the various productions are gained mainly by 
competition. The Post-Exam Jubilee and the various class 
social gatherings present programs composed largely of 
dramatic sketches of a more or less farcical nature. 

In college, as in the world outside, there are many 
organizations which a man may not express a willingness 

to join until invited. These University 
Social and organizations group themselves mainly 

Honorary as follows: (1) The national social fra- 

Organizations ternity group, composing local chapters 

of college fraternities having a national 
organization; (2) local clubs, much like local chapters of 
national fraternities, but having no national organization; 
(3) honorary societies, membership in which is given as 
a reward for excellence of achievement along certain lines. 

At present forty-one national Greek letter social 
fraternities for men are represented by chapters in the 
University. Besides these, six profes- 
Fraternities sional and honorary Greek letter fra- 

ternities and the Masonic fraternity. 
Acacia, e^^^t partly as social organizations. In addition to 
the chapters of national fraternities there are ten local 
fraternities whose purposes and activities are quite similar 
to those of the national organizations. 



FAOTS FOR FRESHMEN 53 

NATIONAL FRATERNITIES 
(social) 

established 
founded at illinois 

Acacia 1904 1906 

Alpha Chi Rho 1895 1916 

Alpha Delta Phi 1832 1912 

Alpha Gamma Rho 1906 1908 

Alpha Phi Alpha (Colored) 1906 1916 

Alpha Tau Omega 1865 1895 

Alpha Sigma Phi 1899 1908 

Beta Delta Sigma 1919 1919 

Beta Theta Pi 1839 1902 

Chi Phi 1854 1912 

Chi Psi 1841 1912 

Delta Kappa Epsilon 1844 1904 

Delta Phi 1827 1919 

Delta Sigma Phi 1899 1919 

Delta Tau Delta 1859 1872 

Delta Upsilon 1834 1905 

Kappa Alpha Psi (Colored) 1911 1913 

Kappa Sigma 1869 1881 

Lamda Chi Alpha 1911 1915 

Phi Delta Theta 1848 1894 

Phi Epsilon Pi (Jewish) 1903 1920 

Phi Gamma Delta 1848 1897 

Phi Kappa (Roman Catholic) 1886 1912 

Phi Kappa Psi 1852 1904 

Phi Kappa Sigma 1850 1892 

Phi Kappa Tau 1906 1916 

Phi Sigma Kappa 1873 1910 

Pi Kappa Alpha 1868 1917 

Psi Upsilon 1833 1910 

Sigma Alpha Epsilon 1856 1898 

Sigma Alpha Mu (Jewish) 1909 1918 

Sigma Chi 1855 1881 

Sigma Nu 1869 1902 

Sigma Phi Epsilon 1901 1917 

Sigma Phi Sigma 1908 1919 



54 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

ESTABLISHED 
FOUNDED AT ILLINOIS 

Sigma Pi 1909 1908 

Tau Kappa Epsilon 1899 1912 

Theta Chi 1856 1916 

Theta Delta Chi 1848 1907 

Zeta Beta Tau (Jewish) 1898 1912 

Zeta Psi 1847 1909 

LOCAL FRATERNITIES 
(social) 

FOUNDED 

Alpha Epsilon Pi (Jewish) 1920 

Anubis 1917 

Bushnell Guild (Congregational) 1918 

Chi Beta 1906 

Delta Pi 1919 

Gamma Sigma Kappa 1918 

Ilus 1907 

Pi Pi Rho 1915 

Tau Delta Tau 1920 

Zeus 1920 

Membership in these chapters varies in numbers from 
twenty-four to forty. Any undergraduate in the University 
is eligible to membership in them, but he may not express 
a willingness or desire to join until he is asked. The 
selection of new members is usually made at the beginning 
of the year and largely from the incoming freshmen. 
During this period of **rushing," as the practice is called, 
the various fraternities invite certain new students to 
their houses and in other ways pay them attention in 
order that a mutual acquaintance may be formed in which 
both parties may determine the desirability of a union. 
Freshmen may be pledged at once, but may not be initiated 
until they have passed eleven hours of University work. 

Some points which fraternity members usually con- 
sider in prospective members are congenialty, appearance, 
previous reputation and standing, manners and accom- 
plishments, probability of remaining in college four years,. 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEX oS 

of becoming prominent in college activities, and of 
becoming a desirable alumnus of the chapter. Inquiry is 
usually made as to the social standing of a man's family 
and as to whether or not he is independent in a financial 
way, though every chapter has a number of members who 
are earning a part or all of their expenses. Prospect of 
good scholarship is unive^aally welcomed, but, unfor- 
tunately, is often not insisted upon. Inasmuch as the 
fraternities are the leaders in the social life of the 
University, a clever social behavior is desirable in a pros- 
pective member, but congenialty of a possibly rough, but 
attractive sort will often take the place of the other 
quality. Tendencies to boast or to be "smart," immorality, 
sporting inclinations, irresponsibility, sullenness, pessi- 
mism, and effeminacy are some of the qualities that will 
keep one from being invited to join a fraternity. As the 
different chapters vary in types and ideals so they vary in 
the emphasis they may put upon certain of these good 
and bad qualities. 

Membership in a college fraternity is prized by college 
students in general and is usually a source of pleasure 
and help, but it is by no means essential to one's 
happiness, prominence, or achievement of worthy college 
honors. Every chapter exacts a great deal of attention and 
energy from its members, and a freshman should not 
agree to become a member of such an organization unle3s 
he is sure that he will not only not be handicapped by 
such a sacrifice, but that also he will receive positive 
good from it. By joining a fraternity one cannot im- 
mediately leap into social and political prominence, nor 
has he earned an honor that he can keep without the 
necessity of hard work, upright habits, forethought, and 
acceptance of responsibility. No one can be helped by 
joining a fraternity that has nothing to offer besides the 
right to wear its badge. In considering this question it 
is well to consult an unprejudiced, well-informed adviser, 
for the advice that is intelligently given will vary with 
the circumstances. One usually gains from joining a good 
fraternity, but the mistakes made by those who have 
pledged themselves hurriedly are far more frequent than 



56 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

those made after deliberation. No one will lose the chance 
to join a fraternity by taking sufficient time to consider 
his invitation. In the end, each must determine his course 
pretty largely for himself, and must remember that in 
so doing he is dealing with his own happiness and welfare 
for the period of his college course. 

The expense of living in a fraternity is usually about 
a third or a fourth more than living as a non-fraternity 
man; though in most cases it need be little more. The 
necessary expenditures are usually not much more, but 
the demands for more or less unnecessary expenditures are 
much greater. 

The fraternities as organizations constantly do a great 
deal toward supporting the worthy interests of the Uni- 
versity and in serving to direct student activity along 
desirable lines, though their scholarship is not always 
so good as that of other students. In a good many ways 
fraternity men are more easily reached and influenced 
by the Faculty than non-fraternity men, due, perhaps to 
the fact that they are organized and to the mutual interest 
that most fraternity men take in the welfare of their 
fellow members. 

The freshman who has been given an invitation to 
join a fraternity should ask the following questions: First 
of all, am I likely to find its members congenial and 
helpful to me during the four years of my college life? 
Are they the kind of men I should like to take into my 
home? What is the local reputation of their chapter? 
What is their scholarship average? What is the chapter's 
financial condition? What is the national reputation of 
their fraternity? In seeking answers to these questions, 
it will be wise to consult unprejudiced persons of some 
fair degree of familiarity with the points in question. 
Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities will be 
found helpful in becoming familiar with the national 
reputation of the various fraternities. 

A number of honorary fraternities exist. In each 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 57 

case membership in these is attained only by exceptionally 
high scholarship and marked ability. 
Honorary High scholarship alone, however, will not 

Fraternities always secure a student's election. 

Membership in these organizations 
is prized very highly and is a recognized mark of excep- 
tional ability. Fewer than one-fifth of the graduating 
class are elected to these honors. Inasmuch as the 
candidate's scholarship record for the entire term of his 
college course is considered, the freshman who would set 
his ambition on attaining to these honors must begin 
early. 

Ma-wan-da is the honorary senior society among men 
students. Election to membership in it occurs at the end 

of the junior year. Approximately twenty 
Ma-wan-da juniors considered most worthy of mem- 

and Sachem bership in it on the basis of their 

personality, college activities, and pop- 
ularity, in the judgment of the retiring senior members^ 
are elected for active membership during their senior 
year. Sachem is the honorary junior fraternity. About 
the same number of members are chosen from the sopho- 
more class as compose the senior society. A public 
pledging service is held about the last of May. 

There are a number of professional fraternities whose 
members are selected from special departments of study, 

partly on the basis of their ability and 
Professional scholarship, and partly on the basis of 

Fraternities their personal qualities. Membership in 

these organizations is usually open early 
in the college course. Some of these organizations 
maintain their own houses in which their members live. 

Foreign students of the University have organized two 
clubs, both of which have houses in which their members 
live, and both of which are affiliated with national organi- 
zations. 

The Illinois Chapter of the Association of Cosmopolitan 



58 UXrV'ERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

Clubs was organized in 1906. Its purpose is to bring 
together the students who come to the 
Cosmopolitan University from different nations. It 
Club numbers among its members almost all 

of the foreign students of the University; 
in addition, about half of its members are Americ-ans. 
It maintains a clubhouse, which is a centre of interest for 
foreign students. The activities of the club in presenting 
entertainments in which peculiar, national manners, games, 
and costumes are shown, are very inieresting to the other 
students. 

The Chinese Students' Club has a membership of 
fifty-five. The club is very active in 
The Chinese furthering the interests of Chinese 

Students' Club students in the University and else- 
where. The fraternal aspect of its 
T^ork is important. 

The University is growing so rapidly and the student 
iDody is becoming so large that the problem of unifying 
the students in any beneficial way is becoming a very 
difficult one. Undoubtedly the student organizations con- 
tribute a great deal to the handling of this problem, and 
it seems not at all undesirable that every student in the 
University should be allied with some organization that 
is in turn allied with the best interests of the University. 
Each freshman, at any rate, can make no great mistake 
by casting his lot with some reliable University organiza- 
tion and accepting what help it has to offer him, until 
he becomes well enough acquainted with college life to 
find his way easily himself. 



Class Organization 

Each undergraduate class has four oflacers: president, 
vice-president, secretary, and treasurer, which are elected 
at the beginning of each semester. 

There are no constitutions for the guidance of the 
officers, but their duties are those which usually go with 
these respective oflaces. The president appoints commit- 
tees, presides at class meetings, represents the class — 
the freshman class excepted — on the Student Council, 
and officiates at the social affairs of his class. 

The vice-president assists the president, the secretary 
cares for the class correspondence, and the treasurer 
receives all the class moneys, oversees the financial under- 
takings of the various committees, and submits a report 
at the end of his term of office to the Committee on Student 
Organization and Activities for audit. The chairmen of 
the various committees also submit a financial statement 
of their income and expense to the committee for audit. 

The election committee of the Illinois Union conducts 
all student elections and the Student Council of the 

Union, acting in an advisory capacit/. 
Elections makes the rules governing elections. 

Both men and women may vote for 
class officers. 

Candidates for class offices must have enough credit 
hours at the time of the election to be a member of that 
class, and must be nominated by a petition signed, usually, 
by twenty-five members of the class. Their petition is 
presented to the election committee, which checks each 
name to see that the candidate is eligible, and not on 
probation. A student on probation may not take part in 
any student activity. 

Freshman class elections attract but little interest 

59 



60 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

for two reasons. First, there is practically nothing for 
the officers of the class to do, and 
Freshman second, the class is so large that its 

Elections members do not become well enough 

acquainted within a few months to make 
an intelligent election possible. 

For these reasons, also, there are seldom enough 
candidates to fill the offices, and in this case, the Student 
Council appoints such officers as are necessary. 

The only functions of the freshman class are the 
"Frolic" in the first semester, and the annual cap burning 
near the end of the second semester, both of which are 
in charge of committees of the Illinois Union. This 
organization, representing all of the men students in the 
University, has been constituted by the University author- 
ities as sponsor for the freshman class, and is held 
responsible for the organization of the class and the 
conduct of its business and social affairs. 

The president of the class for the second semester 
always appoints the Sophomore Cap Committee to arrange 
for the purchase of sophomore caps and for the sale of 
them to the students. 

Upper class elections usually arouse some excitement 
and enthusiasm, because the offices carry with them re- 
sponsibility and honor. 
Upper Class The president of the sophomore class 

Elections for the first semester appoints the Sopho- 

more Cotillion Committee and leads the 
grand march at this function. Other committees appointed 
by the sophomore presidents are the Mixer Committee, the 
Smoker Committee, and the Junior Cap Committee. 

The junior president for the first semester appoints 
the Junior Promenade Committee and leads the grand 
march on this occasion which is one of the leading social 
events of the year. Other committees appointed in the 
junior year are the Mixer and Smoker Committees, Senior 
Hat Committee, and the Senior Memorial Committee. 

The senior class committees include the Senior Ball 
Committee, Smoker Committee, Invitation Committee, Cap 
and Gown Committee, Breakfast Committee, and Class Day 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 61 

Committee. The Invitation Committee is always appointed 
early in the first semester because it requires a great deal 
of painstaking work to place the contract for the printing, 
to prepare the copy for the printer, and to sell and 
distribute the invitations. The Senior Ball is held during 
commencement week. It is the last social affair of tho 
school year and is the farewell dance of the seniors. 

The various class committees spoken of above vary 
in size from five to fifteen members. 

In the fall of 1919 the freshman-sophomore class 

contest was revived in the nature of 
Freshman- a tug-o-war held at homecoming time. 

Sophomore This contest may or may not be 

Games continued. 

Freshmen wear the green "spot" in fall and spring 
and the green toque in the winter. Sophomores wear a 

brown cap with a yellow button. Juniors 
Class » wear a cap in their class colors and 

Head Gear seniors wear a hat in the class colors. 

Classes may change the shape or make 
of their hats and caps but may not change from a hat 
to a cap or vice versa or change colors without the 
approval of the Student Council. Only juniors and seniors 
may use their class colors in their head gear. The button 
on the freshman "spots" and toques varies in the different 
colleges. Literature and Arts, and Commerce buttons are 
white; Agriculture, purple; Engineering, red; Science, 
that is, Pre-Medical and Chemical Engineering, yellow. 
The wearing of class caps is a good custom. It differen- 
tiates the classes and enables every man to recognize his 
classmates. 

Each class has a combination of two basic colors. For 
the year 1920-1921, the colors of the freshman class will 

be purple and champagne, of the sopho- 
Class Colors mores, blue and white, of the juniors, 

cardinal and gray, and of the seniors, 
red and blue. Only these four combinations of colors are 
used, and the freshman class each year takes the colors 
of the senior class which has just graduated. 



Historical Sketch 

The University of Illinois is younger tlian most of the 
larger state universities, and besides the fact that it is 
young, it was slow in beginning its development. Like 
the other state universities the Illinois Industrial Uni- 
versity, as it was at first called, grew out of the desire 
of the common people to furnish their children education 
as good as the best. 

In July, 1862, an Act was passed by Congress donating 
public lands, in the ratio of thirty ^'laousand acres for 
each senator and representative, to the states and terri- 
tories which would provide colleges for the teaching of 
agriculture and the mechanic arts. Under this Act Illinois 
would receive 480,000 acres of land valued at $600,000.00, 
the income on which could be applied for educational 
purposes. The Legislature of Illinois accepted the grant 
in February, 1863. The following year a committee of six, 
of which Professor Jonathan B. Turner of Jacksonville, 
Illinois, was perhaps the most influential member, was 
appointed by the State Agricultural Society to take the 
matter up, and to present to the State Legislature a plan 
of organization. This was done, and in February, 1867, a 
bill was passed by the Legislature locating the institution 
at Urbana. This action was taken in view of certain 
donations amounting to perhaps $200,000.00, made by the 
Illinois Central Railroad Company, Champaign County, and 
the cities of Cliampaign and Urbana. These donations 
included the "Urbana and Champaign Institute Building," 
a large, ill-built structure standing approximately where 
the baseball diamond on Illinois Field is now located. 
In this building, which was also used partly as a dormi- 
tory, the entire work of the University was for a few 
years carried on. 

The government of the University was at first vested 

62 



i'AOTS FOfc FBESHMEN 63 

in a Boafd of Trustees, consisting of the Governor, the 
Superintendent of Public Instruction, and the President of 
the State Board of Agriculture, ex-officio members, and 
twenty-eight citizens appointed by the Governor. The 
chief executive, who was also a member of the Board, 
was called Regent instead of President, as at present. 
This body was soon found to be too unwieldy, and in 1873 
a new law was passed, providing that the Board 
should consist of nine members, (appointed by the 
Governor), three from each grand judicial division of the 
State. 

Women were not admitted, and the Trustees in th3 
beginning emphasized their belief in the fact that the 
University was to be made a practical institution by the 
following resolution: 

"Resolved, that we recognize it as a duty of the Board 
of Trustees to make this University preeminently a prac- 
tical school of agriculture and the mechanic arts, not 
excluding other scientific and classical studies." 

Every student was required to spend from one to two 
hours a day in manual labor for the institution, for which 
a modest remuneration was allowed. Seventy-seven 
students were enrolled during the first term of the Uni- 
versity, which began March 11, 1868. 

The first Regent, as he was then called, was Dr. John 
Milton Gregory of Kalamazoo, Michigan. Dr. Gregory 
served the University as its executive head from March 12, 
1867, a year before the institution was formally opened, 
until 1880. He was born July 6, 1822, at Sand Lake, New 
York. He graduated from Union College, in 1846, studied 
law from 1846 to 1848, and later, after some time spent 
in the study of theology, he entered the Baptist ministry. 
He taught in a secondary school in Michigan for a time, 
and was in 1858 elected State Superintendent of Public 
Instruction of the state of Michigan, which position be held 
until 1863, when he was elected to the presidency of Kala- 
mazoo College. He was a man of the highest ideals, and of 
the broadest sympathies; he had a far-reaching vision of 
what such an institution as a State University should be. 



64 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

and should be able to accomplish; and he endeavored to 
lay the foundations of the University deep and strong. He 
exercised the strongest personal influence upon the student 
body. 

In January, 1870, a mechanical shop was fitted up 
with tools and machinery, and here was begun the first 
shop instruction given in any American university. 

Women were first admitted to the University in 1870. 
The story is told that when the members of the Board of 
Trustees were deliberating over the matter in a room in 
the old dormitory, a group of students, much interested in 
the outcome were gathered in a room above listening 
through a friendly stovepipe hole to the discussion going 
on below. When the vote was finally taken, and was 
announced as favorable to the young women, an approving 
shout was heard from the gallant fellows above. The 
young women have ever since been thus kindly received. 
Twenty-four women registered the first year. 

The same year a system of student government was 
adopted which for a time seemed to work admirably. 
Politics soon crept in, however, and perverted justice, and 
the system was in 1883 abandoned. In 1871 a bill was 
passed by the Legislature appropriating $75,000.00 for a 
building to cost not less than $150,000.00, and providing 
that $75,000.00 additional be appropriated at the next 
meeting. University Hall was begun, but the Legislature 
did not make the expected additional appropriation; and 
the building had to be completed with money taken from 
other University funds. A dark line may still be seen on 
the walls of this building where the bricks were stained 
from exposure during the delay necessitated while waiting 
for funds. 

The first publication by the students of the University 
appeared in November, 1870. It was called the Student, 
and was published monthly. Two years following the name 
was €!ianged to the Illinij by which name the University 
daily is still known. In 1887 the University was first 
given permission by the Legislature to grant degrees. 
Previous to this time graduates of specified courses had 
simply been given certificates indicating that they had 



FACTS FOR FRESH>IEN 65 

satisfactorily completed an outlined course of study. 

In 1880 Dr. Gregory resigned his position as Regent. 
He spent the remainder of his life in Washington, D. C, 
where he died October 20, 1898. By his own special 
request he was buried on the University grounds. His 
last resting place is marked by a prairie boulder under the 
trees between University Hall and Wright street. 

Dr. Selim H. Peabody, formerly Professor of Physics 
and of Mechanical Engineering, on the resignation of Dr. 
Gregory was appointed Regent pro tempore. The follow- 
ing March he was made Regent. Dr. Peabody was born 
at Rockingham, Vermont, August 20, 1829, and prepared 
for college in the Public Latin School of Boston. He was 
graduated from the University of Vermont in 1852. In 
1877 he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from 
the same institution, and four years later was given by the 
University of Iowa the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. 
All of his life following his graduation from college was 
spent in teaching in high schools and colleges, both in the 
East and in the West. He came to the University in 1878 
as Professor of Physics and Mechanical Engineering. He 
was a man of wide learning. It is said of him that at 
the time of his appointment to the office of Regent in 
1880, he could have taught successfully any subject then 
offered in the curriculum of the institution. He remained 
at the head of the University until 1891. He died at 
St. Louis, Missouri, May 26, 1903. 

During his administration a number of events occurred 
of interest in the development of the University. The 
Legislature, which had been niggardly in its appropriation 
of funds, became somewhat more generous, and made 
appropriations both for the maintenance of the institution 
and for the erection of buildings. The appropriation for 
the erection of the old Armory was made in 1889, and 
for the north wing of the present Natural History Building 
in 1891. Professor N. C. Ricker drew the plans for both 
of these buildings. A number of departments were added 
to the curriculum, including Mining Engineering, Ped- 



66 tJNIVEBSITy OF ILLINOIS 

agogy, and Rhetoric and Oratory, and an effort was made 
to gain a stronger control of student affairs. The Illini 
was reorganized, the time required to be put in by students 
in military drill was reduced, and fraternities and other 
secret societies were banished. A rule was passed that 
no student should enter the University until he had 
pledged himself not to join a fraternity, and that no 
student should be graduated until he had certified that 
while in the University, he had not belonged to any 
fraternity. The rule was strenuous, but was later repealed. 

The University had experienced a good deal of 
annoyance and found that considerable misunderstanding 
had arisen from the name "Illinois Industrial University," 
toiany people of the State having the idea that the 
University was a sort of penal institution or reform school. 
The Trustees, therefore, petitioned the Legislature to 
change the name to "University of Illinois." This petition 
was acted on favorably in 1885, and brought great rejoicing 
to the friends of the University. The State Laboratory 
of Natural History was this same year brought to the 
University. 

By an Act passed in 1887 Trustees of the University 
were henceforth to be elected by popular vote. This 
change made it possible also for women to be members 
of the Board. The change in the manner of election helped 
materially to bring the institution before the people of 
the State, many of whom had previously known little or 
nothing of its character or existence. 

On the resignation of Regent Peabody in June, 1891, 
the Board of Trustees appointed Professor T. J. Burrill 
as Acting Regent, and he served during an inter-regnum 
of three years. Up to this time the number of students 
in attendance had but once reached five hunared. The 
University was known almost exclusively, if known at all, 
as an engineering and an agricultural institution, though 
in agriculture it had few students, and had done little 
work. The Legislature became more generous; appro- 
priations for new buildings were received; more money 
for operating expenses was secured; graduate work was 
undertaken; and the whole institution seemed to have an 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 67 

awakening. The attendance increased; student organ- 
izations were aroused; the ban was taken off fraternities; 
and the relations between students and Faculty became 
more agreeable than they had been for years. Students 
were allowed greater liberty of action, and responded with 
greater sanity of conduct. A women's gymnasium was 
established; the Engineering Building was erected; and 
the office of Registrar was created. Everywhere a better 
spirit grew up. 

In April, 1894, Dr. Andrew Sloan Draper, then Super- 
intendent of the Cleveland, Ohio, schools, was elected 
head of the institution, the title being changed from Regent 
to President. He entered upon the duties of his office 
September, 1894. ^ 

Andrew Sloan Draper, the third President of the 
University, was born June 21, 1848, at Westford, New 
York. He was reared and educated in the state of New 
York, and for many years formed a large part of the 
political and educational life of that state. He w^as a 
graduate of the Albany Academy, and received his trainim? 
for the profession of law in the law school of Union Col- 
lege, graduating in 1871. He received the honorary degree 
of Doctor of Laws from several of the leading universities 
of the country. For nearly a dozen years after his 
graduation in law, he practiced his profession. He was 
a member of the New York State Legislature in 1881, judge 
of the United States Court of Alabama Claims from 1884 
to 1886, and State Superintendent of Public Instruction 
from 1886 to 1892. The two years previous to his coming 
to the University he had been superintendent of the public 
schools of Cleveland, Ohio. President Draper had had wide 
experience with men, in politics and in educational work; 
he had shown his ability as an organizer; and he put 
this quality to good use in his management of Qniveristy 
affairs. He established the fact that the University to be 
successfully operated needed more buildings, and more 
money, and he got both. He enlarged the facilities for 
work in all the colleges; through his influence the College 
of Law was organized; the present School of Library 
Sciepce was brought to the University; a School of Music 



68 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

was established; and an affiliation was made with the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons in Chicago. He showed 
the keenest personal interest in students and student 
activities. He was a rigid and successful disciplinarian, 
but he at the same time stood for what furnished students 
physical and social enjoyment. He enlarged the social life 
of the students; he encouraged athletics; he cultivated a 
friendly relationship between students and Faculty; and 
he brought about harmony where there had been frequently 
dissension. 

President Draper managed in a large degree to put 
the University right before the people of the State, who 
in many cases had looked upon it with disfavor, or with 
indifference. It was by his skill in 1897, when the treas- 
urer of the institution defalcated, carrying with him 
nearly a half million dollars of the University funds, that 
the University was brought through its difficulties with a 
minimum of loss and friction, and the State was im- 
mediately led to fulfill its legal obligation to the Federal 
Government by assuming the regular payment of the 
interest on the endowment funds which had been stolen. 
Under his administration the Engineering Experiment 
Station was established; eleven important buildings were 
erected at a cost of $835,000.00; the amount appropriated 
for general running expenses of the institution was in- 
creased three-fold; and the attendance grew from 750 to 
3,500. Among the best services which he did to the 
University was to organize its regulations, and to put 
them into written form. 

Dr. Draper resigned his position as President in 1904 
to become the Commissioner of Education of the State 
of New York, a position which he held until his death in 
May, 1913. 

Dr. Edmund Janes James, the fourth President of the 
University, assumed charge November 5, 1904. President 
James was born May 24, 1855, at Jacksonville, Illinois. 
He prepared for college in the Model Department of the 
Illinois State Normal School, Normal. He was later a 
student of Northwestern University, and of Harvard Col- 
lege, and received hi§ Doctor's Degree from the University 



FACrrS FOR FREvSHMEN 69 

of Halle. He taught in the public high school of Evans- 
ton, Illinois, and in the high school department of the 
Illinois State Normal School, Normal; from 1883 to 1896 
he was Professor of Public Administration in the University 
of Pennsylvania, and Director of the Wharton School of 
Finance and Economy. From 1896 to 1902 he was Profes- 
sor of Public Administration and Director of the Uni- 
versity Extension Division of the University of Chicago. 
He was President of Northwestern University from 
February, 1902, to September, 1904, when he resigned to 
become President of the University of Illinois. 

President James is the first native of the State of 
Illinois to be elected President of one of the three great 
universities of the State — Northwestern, Chicago, and 
Illinois. He presided over two of these, and was for six 
years a professor in the third. He is thus a Sucker by 
birth, education and career, — a genuine product of the 
corn belt itself, of which fact he is naturally proud. 

During President James' administration the University 
made material advances especially along scholarship lines. 
Many new buildings, also, were added, and the appro- 
priations for operating expenses were generously enlarged 
at each biennium. Salaries of men of professorial rank 
were increased fifty per cent., and for this reason it was 
possible materially to strengthen the teaching force. 
Distinguished scholars were brought to the University 
from all over the world, and emphasis was laid upon the 
importance of the University's going into research and 
graduate work if it were to take its place among the 
great universities of the country. 

The Graduate School became an actuality, and the 
Legislature and the people of the State came to see its 
importance, and to approve definite appropriations for 
its support. A separate Graduate School faculty was organ- 
ized, and graduate instruction developed and strengthened. 
There was established a School of Education, the State 
Geological Survey, and a School of Railway Engineering 
and Administration. The College of Literature and Arts 
and the College of Science were combined into the College 



70 UNIVEBSITY OF ILLINOIS 

of Liberal Arts and Sciences, and the standard of efficiency 
materially raised. 

In May, 1911, a law was passed providing for a one 
mill tax on all the assessed property of the State for the 
support of the University. Previously the University had 
had a somewhat uncertain source of support. The one 
mill tax put the regular support of the University upon a 
safer foundation, and assured a regular income. No other 
event in the history of the institution was more important 
than the passage of this bill. 

President James, because of ill health, in June. 1919, 
was given a leave of absence until September, 1920. He 
resigned in the early spring of 1920. 

Doctor David Kinley, the fifth President of the 
University, took charge of University affairs as Acting 
President in June, 1919, at the time President James was 
granted a leave of absence. He was elected to the office 
of President in May, 1920, and assumed office September 1, 
following. 

President Kinley was born in Dundee, Scotland, 
August 2, 1861. With his father he came to the United 
States in 1872. He was graduated from Yale in 1884. 
pursued graduate studies at John Hopkins in 1890-2, and 
was granted the degree of Ph. D. from the University of 
Wisconsin in 1893. For the first six years following his 
graduation from Yale he held the position of principal of 
the high school of North Andover, Massachusetts. He was 
for a time instructor in the Woman's College of Baltimore, 
and during his year of graduate study at the University of 
Wisconsin was fellow and assistant in Economics. He 
came to the University of Illinois in 1893 as Assistant 
Professor of Economics, and a year later Was promoted to 
the rank of Professor of Economics, Dean of the College 
of Literature and Arts, and Director of the School of 
Commerce. He has been Dean of the Graduate School 
since 1906 and Vice-President of the University since 1916. 

President Kinley is recognized as one of the leading 
economists of the country. He has written and published 
extensively. Under his direction the College of Liberal 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 71 

Arts and Sciences of the University was developed and 
strengthened. He was largely responsible for the organ- 
ization and growth of the present College of Commerce 
and Business Administration of the University, and the 
Graduate School was scarcely more than a name until 
he was made its head. As Vice-President he has looked 
after University affairs in the absence of the President and 
he has at all times been an agressive ally of President 
James in advancing the interests of the institution. 

In 1910 President Kinley declined an appointment as 
member of the Illinois Tax Commission in order that he 
might accept an appointment from President Taft as 
delegate to the Fourth International Conference of Amer- 
ican States at Buenos Aires and as Minister on special 
mission to Chile on a delegation representing the United 
States at the Centennial of Chilean independence. During 
the war, as head of the War Committee, he performed a 
really distinguished service for the University. 

What he will accomplish as President is indicated by 
what he has already done during his twenty-seven years 
of service. 



The Organization of the University 

For the purpose of doing business the University is 
divided into schools and colleges, each with its separate 
body of instructors, or faculty. Each school is presided 
over by a Director, and each college by a Dean. At Urbana 
there are the Colleges of Liberal Arts and Sciences, 
Commerce and Business Administration, Engineering, 
Agriculture, Education, and Law, and the Schools of Music 
and Library Science. 

The Deans of the colleges, together with the President, 
the Vice-President, the Dean of Men, and the Dean of 
Women make up the Council of Administration. The 
Senate is composed of professors, or those acting as heads 
of departments, even though they may at that time be 
below the rank of professor. Those persons who give 
instruction in a school or a college constitute its faculty. 

The Council of Administration, which is an executive 
body, meets every Tuesday at four o'clock. It has final 
action on all student disciplinary matters. Cases of dis- 
cipline are first considered by the Honor Commissions or 
a committee appointed by the Council, of which the Dean 
of Men is chairman in the case of men, and the Dean of 
Women in the case of women. The findings of these 
commissions or committees are reported to the Council of 
Administration for its final action. The Council considers 
all irregular matters concerned with the waiving or the 
enforcement of general University rules. It is for the 
student a sort of court of last appeals. 

The Senate, which corresponds to the general faculty 
in most colleges, meets on the first Monday of October, 
December, February, April, and June. It concerns itself 
with legislative matters of a general character, or those 
which affect the whole institution. Its regulations have to 
do with such educational matters as affect all of the 
colleges, or the general University policy. It passes on 

72 



FACTS FOE FRESHMEN 73 

such matters as entrance requirements, the requirements 
for graduation, the general regulations of athletics, and 
so on. It has nothing to do with the enforcement of Uni- 
versity laws. 

The faculties of the respective schools and colleges 
meet at times best suited to each individual organization. 
Some meet each week, and others only at the call of the 
Dean or the Director. Each faculty exercises legislative 
functions with regard to educational matters pertaining to 
its own work. It determines, for example, the amount and 
the character of work which students may take, the 
prerequisites for courses, the conditions on which students 
may proceed, and so on. The final authority in executive 
matters lies with the Dean of the college. 

The Dean of Men is a general University officer who 
has charge of student activities, social matters, and mat- 
ters of conduct pertaining to the undergraduate men. He 
is chairman of the disciplinary committee for men, and 
has supervision over class attendance. He is concerned 
with the conduct, progress, and interests of individual stu- 
dents. The Dean of Women bears a similar relation to the 
undergraduate women of the University. 



The Campus and University Buildings 

The land occupied by the University and its several 
departments embraces 235 acres, besides a farm of 865 
acres. The main part of the campus, the part used most 
for ordinary class work, is a long, narrow strip lying 
between the residence districts of Champaign and Urbana. 
The dividing line between the two towns is Wright Street, 
which forms the west boundary of the campus. Thus the 
University is located within the city limits of Urbana. 

University Avenue, which extends directly east from 
the Illinois Central Railroad station in Champaign, touches 
the north end of the campus. From this street south to 
the lower end of the campus proper is a distance of one 
and one-half miles. The north end of the campus is 
devoted to the athletic interests, containing Illinois Field 
and the Men's Gymnasium. The part of the campus between 
Springfield Avenue, the street intersecting the campus at 
the Men's Gymnasium, and Green Street embraces the 
buildings of the engineering group. The middle campus 
contains mainly buildings occupied by departments of the 
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences; and with the excep- 
tion of the Military Drill field, the College of Agriculture 
and the Agriculture Experiment Station use the entire 
south campus. 

The privileges of the campus and the buildings are 
open to all members of the University, except where notice 
to the contrary is posted. It is traditional that persons 
using the campus and buildings shall keep to the campus 
walks and shall not mar in any way the exterior or interior 
appearance of the buildings. The University has made a 
request that there be no smoking on the campus or around 
any of the buildings. Otherwise the walks of the campus 
and the corridors of all of the buildings may be used with 
entire freedom. In the main entry of almost all of the 
buildings there is a directory of the offices and rooms. 

74 



Miscellaneous Information 

RULES FOR UNDERGRADUATES 
The rules governing the conduct and management of 
undergraduate students are published by the University 
and may be had at the time of registration or by asking 
for a copy at any of the University offices. Students will 
do well to familiarize themselves with these rules. 

MILITARY DRILL 

The University being one of the "Land Grant" colleges 
is required to give regular instruction in Military Science. 
All able-bodied male students under twenty-five years of 
age and citizens of the United States must take Military 
drill during their freshman and sophomore years. Stu- 
dents twenty-five years of age when they enter the 
University, students who are not citizens of the United 
States, those who enter with junior standing, and those 
physically unfit, are excused from this requirement. All 
other students must at the time of registration make a 
deposit of $25 for the uniform of olive drab and other 
equipment required, and register for the course in Military. 

During the early history of the University, students 
were required to drill during their entire connection with 
the institution, from the time they entered the academy 
until the end of the senior year. In 1880 seniors were 
excused from the drill requirements, and in 1891 "preps" 
and juniors were included among those excused. The 
University cadet brigade is now the largest in the country, 
and has been brought to a very high degree of efficiency. 

The non-commissioned officers are selected from the 
sophomore class, lieutenants from the junior class, and 
the field officers and captains from the senior class. 

Students who are absent from any exercise in Military 
drill must secure an excuse for this absence from the office 

75 



76 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

of the Dean of Men and present it to the Military Com- 
mandant before Saturday noon of the week in which the 
absence occurs. Failure to do this will cause the student 
to make up two drills for every one thus absent. Absences 
from Military drill are not reckoned as other cuts. 
Students are disciplined in other and more severe ways 
for cutting Military drill than by being dropped from class. 

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 

Physical Education is a required course for all fresh- 
men. Students, however, who are physically unable to 
take the course may be excused by presenting a petition 
after registration. Men who are doing manual labor to 
help earn their living, or who have other legitimate 
excuses, may be excused from the gymnasium exercises by 
presenting a petition in person at the office of the Dean of 
Men. Blank forms for these petitions may be obtained 
from any of the executive offices. 

Lectures on personal hygiene are given once a week 
for the first semester. All students whether or not excused 
for athletic cv other work, are required to attend these 
lectures. 

MEDICAL ADVICE 
Every one at some time during his college course is 
likely to need medical advice. There are in Champaign 
and Urbana and about the University a number of excel- 
lent physicians and others not so good. Students should 
not engage a physician without asking the advice of some 
one who has been in the community long enough to give 
intelligent advice. This will ordinarily not be another 
student. The University now has a Health Officer who 
will give medical advice to male undergraduates who need 
it. He does not, however, treat students. The Dean of 
Men will be glad to advise students on this subject at any 
time. No more important advice has been given in this 
book than that contained in this paragraph. 

STUDENTS' MUTUAL BENEFIT HOSPITAL FUND 
The Students' Mutual Benefit Hospital Fund, formerly 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 77 

the Hospital Association, was organized in 1899 to provide 
a fund to furnish hospital care for students in case of 
illness. Each student pays a fee of $2.00 a semester, and 
the sum thus raised, so far as the money available will do 
so, is used to pay the hospital ward fee of such contribu- 
tors as fall ill. Students must be in good health when 
they pay the fee, and in case of illness are entitled to care 
for a length of time not exceeding four weeks each 
semester. The physician's bill and the fee for a special 
nurse, if one is required, are not included in the amount 
paid out of the Benefit Fund. The fee will not be received 
later than three weeks after the first day of registration 
in any semester. You cannot spend two dollars more 
wisely than to contribute to this fund, since it insures 
excellent care and more rapid recovery in case of illness. 
The fund is managed by the Dean of Men. 

INTERMISSIONS 
An intermission of ten minutes is allowed between 
recitation hours in which students are to get from one 
building or from one class to another. Many instructors 
mark students absent who are not in the class room by the 
time the second class bell rings. Students who are un- 
avoidably late will do well to speak to the instructor at 
the close of the class period to avoid being marked absent. 

THE HONOR SYSTEM 
The honor system is in force at the University of 
Illinois. All examinations and written work are done 
strictly on one's honor; there is no faculty supervision, 
and every student is expected to use his influence to 
prevent cheating and to enforce the highest standards of 
honesty in all University work. 

The honor system was adopted in the spring of 1919. 
It had been advocated for many years but it was not 
until the University voted to install a system of proctoring 
examinations that the demand for the honor system became 
general. After an enthusiastic campaign it was adopted by 
the student body in a referendum by a vote of 2833 to 215, 



78 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

and the final examinations that spring were taken under 
the honor system. There is an honor commission for men 
composed of seven members, four seniors and three juniors 
appointed by the Student Council, whose duty it is to try 
all cases of dishonesty reported to them. The punishment 
recommended by the honor commissions is quite regularly 
enforced by the Council of Administration. 

Thus far the honor system has been successful here. 
It has helped to prevent much cheating and has punished 
violations which have been proved. 

The system as applied at this University^ originated at 
Princeton and is today in force in a number of universities 
and colleges. In some it has failed. At Princeton they 
call it "one of their most cherished traditions." To most 
freshmen the honor system is something new and they 
should become familiar with its workings. As University 
men and women they ought to be capable of being trusted. 
Their living up to the honor system will develop their 
character and make the University of Illinois proud of its 
tradition. 

STUDENT EXPENSES 
"What does it cost?" is the most important question 
in the mind of many students who expect to come to the 
University. 

The answer is simple. Like the cost of living in 
general, the expenses of a student vary with individuals 
and according to the economic conditions. As a rule 
women spend more than men, freshmen spend less than 
upperclassmen, fraternity men spend more than men who 
do not belong to an organization, and men working their 
way through school spend least of all. Remember, how- 
ever, that it is not difficult to find exceptions to these 
assertions both in the direction of economy and extrav- 
agance. 

In the spring of 1920, which was a period of rising 
prices, the office of the Dean of Men undertook to ascertain 
the average expense of students for the year 1919-1920. 
Information concerning their expenses was obtained from 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 



79 



different groups of students and the averages are shown 
in the following table. Individual expense accounts varied 
from four hundred and fifty dollars to two thousand two 
hundred dollars. 

The cost of board averaged about seven dollars and 
fifty cents a week and room rent about ten dollars and fifty 
cents a month. Other averages for the nine months were: 
university fees, thirty-seven dollars and seventy-nine cents, 
(the fees have been increased since) ; books and supplies, 
thirty-six dollars and eight cents, clothing, two hundred 
and twenty dollars and forty-seven cents, and laundry and 
miscellaneous, one hundred and sixty-five dollars and 
seventy-eight cents. 



Men 

Women .. 
TOTAL 



|Av. 

Av. 
lAv. 



Fresh. 
709.34 
777.83 
724.56 



Soph. 

775.31 
909.52 
807.74 



Juns. I 
881.31| 
761.06| 

774.151 



Sens. Total A V 
821.06 763.16 
973.42 1 868.44 
861. 74i 791.97 



Living in Frat. Houses 

Not Living in Frat. Houses. 

Self Supporting 

Partly Self-Supporting ....... 

Non Self-Supporting 



Av. 
Av. 
Av. 
Av. 
Av. 



791.38 
666.94 
625.03 
774.21 



892.17 
679.76 
658.05 
687.18 
831.13 



849.24 
672.94 
654.59 
694.37 
859.69 



922.65 I 877.29 

801. 17| 689.74 

732.63| 664.05 

702.94J 712.86 

932.141 845.79 



Living in Frat. Houses 

Not Living in Frat. Houses 

Self Supporting 

Partly Self-Supporting 

Non Self-Supporting 



Av. 
Av. 

Av. 
Av. 
Av. 



Men 

835.22 
662.62 
677.39 
736.19 
809.72 



Women 


Total Av 


984.29 


^iz.n 


762.66 


689.08 


651.07 


673.00 


554.01 


718.84 


916.61 


855.29 



Self Supporting 

Partly Self-Supporting 
Non Self-Supporting 



|Av. 

|Av.| 

lAv.l 



Living in Frat. Hovise 



No 
623.32 
648.92 
732.87 



Yes 
695.23 
741.81 
922.82 



I Total Av. 
I 659.27 
! 686.72 
I 853.94 



Calendar 



The University opens on the Wednesday nearest the 
twentieth of September. Registration days are the two 

days previous to the day of opening. 
Registration Entrance examinations are given the 

week before registration to such students 
as find it necessary to take them. New students who have 
not registered during the summer should obtain permits 
from the Registrar's office and should take these to the 
office of the Dean of the college in which they wish to 
register. Directions as to how to proceed will be given 
them there. Old students (men) who were not registered 
in the University the previous semester should obtain a 
permit from the office of the Dean of Men. Students 
registered the previous semester should go directly to the 
office of the Dean of their respective colleges. Men who 
do not register upon the regular registration days must 
pay a fee of one dollar for late registration. All fees are 
paid at the time of registration. 

A convocation of the men of the freshman class is 

held in the Auditorium at four 
Freshman Convocation o'clock on the first day (Wed- 
nesday) of the semester. 

Football practice begins by Conference rule on Sep- 
tember 20. Freshmen wishing 
Football Practice to try out for their team should 

see the freshman coach on 
Illinois Field. 
A reception to men is given by the Young Men's 
Christian Association on the second Friday night 

of the semester. All new men 
Y. M. C. A. Reception are welcomed. Refreshments 

are served and an opportunity 
furnished to get acquainted. 

80 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 81 

Class elections occur on the second Friday in October, 
under the direction of the Students' 

Class Elections Council. This includes the freshman 
class elections also. A primary election 

is held one week previous to the regular election. 

A report on the scholastic standing of all freshmen 
and special students and on all other students whose work 

is below C is made on the fourth Friday 
First Report in October to the dean of the college in 
On Scholarship which the student is registered. Men 

may find out their standing in a general 
way by calling a few days later than the date of the reporcs 
at the office of the Dean of Men. 

Students who are reported as doing poor work in more 
than one subject are called to the office of the dean of 
their college for conference. 

The Fall Handicap is an annual event occurring in 
November for track athletes representing the various 

classes and handicapped on the basis of 
Fall Handicap their previous records. Medals are given 

to the winners of places. The meet is 
the first try-out for prospective candidates for the 'Varsity 
Track squad. 

On the day of the most important football game on 
Illinois Field a Home Coming celebration 

Home Coming occurs. Hundreds of old students visit 
the University, special meetings and 

demonstrations are held, and there is a general reunion of 

all college organizations. 

A conference of the high school teachers of the state is 

held at the University during the week 

High School previous to Thanksgiving. This confer- 

Conference ence is one of the most largely attended 

of its kind in the country. 

Thanksgiving day only is now given as a holiday. 
Thanksgiving The former practice of having a vacation 
of five days has been abandoned. 



82 UXITEKSITY OF ILLINOIS 

The Junior Prom is set for the second Friday night in 
December. It is considered the most for- 
Junior Prom mal and elaborate college dance of the 
year. Freshmen may not attend. 

A second report on scholarship is made to the college 

office on the second Friday in 
Second Report on December. Students who have 

Scholarship been reported for poor work 

both in October and in Decem- 
ber are notified and their parents written the facts. 

The Christmas Concert by the Choral Society is given 

on the Tuesday evening of the 
Christmas Concert week previous to the beginning 

of the Christmas recess. 

A Christmas recess of approximately two weeks is 

given, the exact dates of which 
Christmas Recess are announced in the University 

Catalog. Students may not ex- 
tend this vacation without permission. Those who find 
it necessary to extend their vacation may present a 
petition ten days before the beginning of the vacation. 
Men may leave these petitions at the office of the Dean of 
Men and women with the Dean of Women. 

Final examinations for the first semester begin on the 
last Saturday in January and continue for ten days. 
Most examinations are held in the fore- 
Examinations noons from eight to twelve. Examina- 
tions in first hour subjects (8:00 to 9:00 
o'clock) occur on the first day of the examination period, 
and so on. Students with confiicts must arrange these 
with the Dean of Men before the time scheduled for the 
examination. The afternoons of examination days are 
occupied with the examinations in subjects the work of 
which is given in sections. 

The Sophomore Cotillion occurs on the Friday night of 
Sophomore Cotillion the first semester following ex- 

aminations. 



FACTS FOR FRESHMEN 83 

Registration for the second semester occurs on the 

Monday and Tuesday following 

Kegistration the close of the first semester. 

Men who do not complete their 

registration on these days must pay a special fee of one 

dollar. 

A "stunt'' program, called the Post-Exam Jubilee, in 

the Auditorium, is presented un 

Post-Exam Jubilee der the management of the 

Young Men's Christian Associa 

tion, on the first Tuesday evening of the second semester. 

The Military Ball is given on the Friday night of the 
Military Ball week in which Washington's 

birthday occurs. 
The annual Military Band Concert occurs on the eve- 
Band Concert ning of the first Saturday in 

March. 

Reports on scholarship for the second semester are 
Spring Report on made on the third Friday in 

Scholarship March. But one report is made 

during the second semester. 
The Easter recess begins on Thursday at eleven o'clock 

previous to Easter Sunday and 
Easter Recess ends on Tuesday noon following 

Easter Sunday. Students may 
not extend this vacation without special permission. 

The "Welcome to Spring," an impromptu celebration 

in recognition of the coming of 
Spring Celebration spring, occurs without announce- 

ment on the first pleasant eve- 
ning in early April. 

Interscholastic week occurs near the middle of May. 

The exercises of this week in- 
Interscholastic Week elude the May Pole Dance on 

Illinois Field, the Stunt Show, 
the Circus, and the athletic events of the Interscholastic 
meet. 

Between the fifteenth and the thirty-first of May are 



84 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

scheduled the military events of the year, including Mili- 
tary Day, the Hazelton prize drill, the 

3Iilitary Events annual military inspection, and the com- 
pany competitive drill. An extra penalty 

is imposed upon the cadet who fails to be present at the 

last tv^o events mentioned. 

Examinations for the second semester begin on the 
Saturday nearest the first of June and continue ten days. 

Examinations are given in the same 
Examinations order as has been indicated for first 

semester examinations. The afternoons 
are occupied with the examinations in subjects the work of 
which has been presented in sections. 

Commencement occurs on the week following the ex- 
aminations for the second semester. The events begin 
with a promenade concert given by the 
Commencement Military Band in the Gymnasium Annex 
on the Saturday evening of the week in 
which examinations are ended. 

On the Sunday afternoon following the band concert, 
occurs the Baccalaureate address. Monday is occupied 
with the Class Day program, and the Senior Ball in the 
Gymnasium Annex, Tuesday is Alumni Day, and Wednes 
day is given over to the exercises of Commencement. 

The Summer Session opens on the first Monday fol- 
lowing Commencement week and con- 
Summer Session tinues eight weeks. 



